Top load of slope caused by vehicle and slope surcharge is an important factor affecting slope stability. Firstly

the mechanical analysis model for rock slope under the top load is established based on the superposed cantilever beam model and the limit equilibrium theory. Then the residual overturning force and residual slip force of anti-inclined rock slope are derived

and the criterion for the failure mode of rock stratum is proposed. Meanwhile

the theoretical method is programmed by Matlab

and its theoretical solution is obtained and compared with the results of the discrete element simulation

which verifies that the proposed model is reasonable. Finally

according to the proposed method

the sensitivity analysis on different parameters is carried out. The results show that the effect of top load is large on the residual force of strata

but is small on the failure mode. The sensitive angles of slope and rock strata greatly improve the slope stability when it is larger than the actual angle value. The interlayer cohesion has a significant influence on the stability of slope with self-weight. The safety factors of numerical simulation and theoretical analysis are consistent

which proves the correctness of the theoretical solution of the flexural toppling failure under the top load. The results can provide references for the stability analysis of similar projects.