纳米ZnO作致孔剂对PVDF阳离子交换膜选择透过性能的影响

寇圣明; 张学敏

doi:10.16056/j.2096-7705.2025.03.019

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纳米ZnO作致孔剂对PVDF阳离子交换膜选择透过性能的影响

研究与探讨 | 更新时间：2026-01-19

- 纳米ZnO作致孔剂对PVDF阳离子交换膜选择透过性能的影响
- 纳米ZnO作致孔剂对PVDF阳离子交换膜选择透过性能的影响
- 能源研究与管理 2025年17卷第3期页码：140-148
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 兰州交通大学环境与市政工程学院
  2. 寒旱区水资源综合利用教育部工程研究中心
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
  
  甘肃省科技计划资助项目（20JR2RA002）;甘肃省黄河水环境重点实验室开放基金资助项目（21YRWEK002）
- DOI：10.16056/j.2096-7705.2025.03.019
  中图分类号： TQ425.236
- 纸质出版：2025
- 稿件说明：
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寇圣明, 张学敏. 纳米ZnO作致孔剂对PVDF阳离子交换膜选择透过性能的影响[J]. 能源研究与管理, 2025,17(3):140-148.

寇圣明, 张学敏. 纳米ZnO作致孔剂对PVDF阳离子交换膜选择透过性能的影响[J]. 2025, 17(3): 140-148.
寇圣明, 张学敏. 纳米ZnO作致孔剂对PVDF阳离子交换膜选择透过性能的影响[J]. 能源研究与管理, 2025,17(3):140-148. DOI： 10.16056/j.2096-7705.2025.03.019.

寇圣明, 张学敏. 纳米ZnO作致孔剂对PVDF阳离子交换膜选择透过性能的影响[J]. 2025, 17(3): 140-148. DOI： 10.16056/j.2096-7705.2025.03.019.

摘要

为提高聚偏氟乙烯（PVDF）均相阳离子交换膜的选择透过性能，通过共混纳米ZnO颗粒、再以过氧化苯甲酰（BPO）引发化学接枝苯乙烯（ST）和浓硫酸磺化制备得到PVDF/ZnO阳离子交换膜。研究掺杂不同质量分数的纳米ZnO对膜结构和膜性能的影响，采用SEM、FTIR对阳离子交换膜的形貌、结构进行表征，通过循环伏安曲线和计时电位曲线分析进一步验证掺杂纳米ZnO颗粒对PVDF阳离子交换膜选择透过性能的影响。结果表明：共混纳米ZnO颗粒被分散到膜结构中，与PVDF有机高分子的网络结构形成支撑和互补，使得膜内孔隙更加均匀。当纳米ZnO颗粒占PVDF的2%（质量分数）时，最大膜孔径由纯PVDF膜的300 nm降低到70 nm，阳离子交换膜的离子迁移数为97.9%，离子交换容量（IEC）最高达到2.661 mmol/g；当纳米ZnO颗粒占PVDF的1.5%（质量分数）时，选择透过率达到了96.4%，阳离子交换膜比纯PVDF膜增加了8%。纳米ZnO颗粒有效提高了阳离子交换膜的选择透过性。

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