This paper investigates the short-run and long-run causality analysis between biomass energy consumption and economic growth in the selected 5 developing and emerging countries by using the Autoregressive Distributed Lag bounds testing（ARDL） approach of cointegration and error correction models. It covers annual data from 1995 to 2012. The cointegration test results show that there is cointegration between the biomass energy consumption and the economic growth in two of the five countries（Argentina

Cuba）. The cointegrationtest results show that there is no cointegration between the biomass energy consumption and the economic growth in three of the five countries（Jamaica

Paraguay

Peru）.