An analytical model of air-gap permeance considering tilt eccentricity was established by introducing a tilt-eccentricity correction coefficient based on the magnetic permeance function method. The analytical expressions for the air-gap magnetic flux density and electromagnetic force of the motor were derived

and correctness of the analytical model was verified using the finite element method. On this basis

the temporal and spatial characteristics of electromagnetic force waves during normal operation and tilt-eccentric operation of the motor were analyzed

with a focus on investigating the influence of tilt eccentricity on the order components and frequency characteristics of electromagnetic force waves. Additionally

the variation patterns of the motor's vibration displacement in

the

x

and

z

directions and electromagnetic noise

relative to normal operation

were explored as the rotor tilt angle increases from 0° to 0.008 5°. The rotor tilt angle corresponding to the structural safety factor that meets engineering requirements was also studied. This research provides a theoretical basis and technical support for the optimal design and reliable operation of low-speed permanent magnet motors used in ball mills.