EN永磁同步电机铜铝混合扁线绕组交流损耗计算
Calculation of AC losses in copper-aluminum hybrid flat wire windings for permanent magnet synchronous motors
- 电机与控制学报 2024年28卷第12期 页码：1-11
- 作者机构：
浙江大学 电气工程学院，浙江 杭州 310027
浙江大学 先进电气装备创新中心，浙江 杭州 311107
- 作者简介：
通信作者：史涔溦
聂涵婧（2001—），女，硕士研究生，研究方向为电动汽车电机电磁设计；
邱建琪（1974—），男，博士，副教授，研究方向为永磁电机及其控制；
史婷娜（1969—），女，博士，教授，博士生导师，研究方向为电机系统及其控制。
- 基金信息：国家重点研发计划(2022YFB2502603)
DOI：10.15938/j.emc.2024.12.001
中图分类号： TM341;TM351收稿：2024-08-17，
纸质出版：2024-12
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
史涔溦, 聂涵婧, 邱建琪, 等. 永磁同步电机铜铝混合扁线绕组交流损耗计算[J]. 电机与控制学报, 2024,28(12):1-11.
SHI Cenwei, NIE Hanjing, QIU Jianqi, et al. Calculation of AC losses in copper-aluminum hybrid flat wire windings for permanent magnet synchronous motors[J]. Electric Machines and Control, 2024, 28(12): 1-11.
史涔溦, 聂涵婧, 邱建琪, 等. 永磁同步电机铜铝混合扁线绕组交流损耗计算[J]. 电机与控制学报, 2024,28(12):1-11. DOI： 10.15938/j.emc.2024.12.001.
SHI Cenwei, NIE Hanjing, QIU Jianqi, et al. Calculation of AC losses in copper-aluminum hybrid flat wire windings for permanent magnet synchronous motors[J]. Electric Machines and Control, 2024, 28(12): 1-11. DOI： 10.15938/j.emc.2024.12.001.
摘要
由于集肤效应和邻近效应的影响，常规扁线绕组电机在高频时会产生较大的涡流损耗，为此提出一种铜铝混合扁线绕组结构，将槽口处两层铜导体替换成铝包铜导体，可有效减小高频时的交流损耗，同时对直流损耗的影响较小。首先建立了该结构单槽交流损耗的解析模型，在此基础上，考虑转子永磁磁场对槽口漏磁的影响，采用有限元冻结磁导率法建立了计及永磁磁场影响的半解析模型，对样机不同频率下的交流损耗进行了计算，并分析了铝包铜导体的结构参数对交流损耗的影响，确定了层数与内芯尺寸。计算结果表明，相较于全铜扁线，最高频率时整机交流损耗下降16.3%，低频时基本相当。最后，将解析计算结果与有限元计算结果进行了对比，二者基本吻合，验证了本文解析模型的准确性。
Abstract
Due to the skin effect and proximity effect
conventional flat winding motors experience significant eddy current losses at high frequencies. To address this issue
a copper-aluminum hybrid flat winding structure was proposed
in which the two copper conductors at the slot opening are replaced with aluminum-coated copper conductors. This approach effectively reduces high-frequency AC losses while having minimal impact on DC losses. First
an analytical model for the AC losses of a single slot in this structure was established. Based on this
a semi-analytical model was developed by considering the influence of the rotor permanent magnet field on slot leakage flux
using the finite element method with frozen permeability to account for the effects of the permanent magnetic field. AC losses at various frequencies for the prototype were then calculated. The effects of the structural parameters of the aluminum-coated copper conductors on AC losses were analyzed
including the number of layers and the geometric dimensions of the inner core. The calculation results show that
compared to the all-copper flat winding
the total machine AC loss decreases by 16.3% at the highest frequency
with negligible difference at low frequencies. Finally
the analytical calculation results were compared with those obtained from finite ele ment analysis
showing good agreement and validating the accuracy of the proposed analytical model.
关键词
Keywords
references
NUZZO S, BARATER D, GERADA C, et al. Hairpin windings:an opportunity for next-generation E-motors in transportation[J]. IEEE Industrial Electronics Magazine, 2022, 16(4): 52.
谢颖,何自豪,蔡蔚,等.车用发卡式绕组永磁同步电机的设计与优化[J].电机与控制学报,2021,25(12):37.
XIE Ying, HE Zihao, CAI Wei, et al. Design and optimization of hairpin winding permanent magnet synchronous motors for vehicle[J]. Electric Machines and Control, 2021, 25(12):37.
鞠孝伟,张凤阁,程远,等.车用驱动电机扁线绕组关键问题研究综述[J].中国电机工程学报, 2024, 44(15): 6181.
JU Xiaowei, ZHANG Fengge, CHENG Yuan, et al. Overview of key issues of flat wire winding of traction motor for electric vehicles[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2024, 44(15): 6181.
GHAHFAROKHI P S, KALLASTE A, PODGORNOVS A, et al. AC loss analysis approaches for hairpin winding configuration: analytical, hybrid model, andFEA[C]//2023 IEEE17th International Conference on Compatibility, Power Electronics and Power Engineering (CPE-POWERENG), June 14-16, 2023, Tallinn, Estonia. 2023: 1-4.
崔刚,熊斌,顾国彪.新能源汽车扁铜线绕组电机槽内绝缘等效导热系数分析与计算[J].电机与控制学报, 2022, 26 (11): 6.
CUI Gang, XIONG Bin, GU Guobiao. Analysis and calculation of equivalent thermal conductivity of slot insulation system of flat copper wire winding motor for new energy vehicle[J]. Electric Machines and Control, 2022, 26(11): 6.
韩常青.基于扁线绕组的高效率永磁同步电机的设计与优化[D].西安:西安建筑科技大学, 2022.
DU-BAR C, MANN A, WALLMARK O, et al. Comparison of performance and manufacturing aspects of an insert winding and a hairpin winding for an automotive machine application[C]//2018 8th International Electric Drives Production Conference (EDPC), December 4-5, 2018, Schweinfurt, Germany. 2018: 1-8.
BERARDI G, BIANCHI N. Design guideline of an AC hairpin winding[C]//2018 XIII International Conference on Electrical Machines (ICEM), September 3-6, 2018, Alexandroupoli, Greece. 2018: 2444-2450.
ISLAM M S, HUSAIN I, AHMED A, et al. Asymmetric bar winding for high-speed traction electric machines[J]. IEEE Transactions on Transportation Electrification, 2020, 6(1): 3.
REINAP A, ANDERSSON M, MARQUEZ-FERNANDEZ F J,et al. Performance estimation of a traction machine with direct cooled hairpin winding[C]//2019 IEEE Transportation Electrification Conference and Expo (ITEC), June 19-21, 2019, Detroit, MI, USA. 2019:1-6.
DANNIER A, DI BTUNO F, FIUME F, et al. Hairpin winding technology for electric traction motors: design, prototyping, and connection rules[C]//2022 International Conference on Electrical Machines (ICEM), September 5-8, 2022, Valencia, Spain. 2022: 1170-1175.
PRECI E, VALENTE G, BARDALAI A, et al. Rectangular and random conductors: AC losses evaluations and manufacturing considerations[C]//IECON 2020 The 46th Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society, November 18, 2020, Singapore. 2020: 1076-1081.
郑成余.绕组形式对永磁电机磁热性能的影响[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨理工大学, 2021.
PASTURA M, NOTARI R, NUZZO S, et al. AC losses analysis and design guidelines for hairpin windings with segmented conductors[J]. IEEE Transactions on Transportation Electrification, 2024, 10(1): 33.
JU Xiaowei, CHENG Yuan, DU Bochao, et al. AC loss analysis and measurement of a hybrid transposed hairpin winding for EV traction machines[J]. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, 2023, 70(4): 3525.
武岳,张志锋,平佳齐.高功率密度轴向磁通永磁电机交流铜耗分析[J].电机与控制学报, 2022, 26(5): 70.
WU Yue, ZHANG Zhifeng, PING Jiaqi. Analysis of AC copper loss in high power density axial flux permanent magnet motors[J]. Electric Machines and Control, 2022, 26(5): 70.
DONG Tenghui, ZHU Chong, ZHANG Xi, et al. Hybrid-strand winding topology with improved power density in automotive electric machines[J]. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, 2022, 69(6): 6039.
王润宇,李大伟,范兴纲,等.增材制造技术在电机中的应用综述[J].中国电机工程学报, 2022, 42(1): 391.
WANG Runyu, LI Dawei, FAN Xinggang, et al. A review on application of additive manufacturing technology in electrical machines[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2022, 42(1): 391.
SIMPSON N, NORTH D J, COLLINS S M, et al. Additive manufacturing of shaped profile windings for minimal AC loss in electrical machines[J]. IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, 2020, 56(3): 2510.
CUTULI G, BARATER D, NATEGH S, et al. Aluminum hairpin solution for electrical machines in E-mobility applications:part I: electromagnetic aspects[C]//2022 International Conference on Electrical Machines (ICEM), September 5-8, 2022, Valencia, Spain. 2022: 1770-1776.
CUTULI G, BARATER D, NATEGH S, et al. Aluminum hairpin solution for electrical machines in E-mobility applications:part II: thermal and cooling aspects[C]//2022 International Conference on Electrical Machines (ICEM), September 5-8,2022, Valencia, Spain. 2022: 511-517.
CUTULI G, NUZZO S, ZOU Tianjie, et al. Multi-objective optimizations of copper and aluminum hairpin windings: a comparison[C]//2023 IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition (ECCE),October29-November2,2023,Nashville,TN,USA. 2023: 3796-3801.
NOTARI R, NUZZO S, SAVI F, et al. An asymmetrical additively manufactured hairpin winding for increased efficiency and sustainability[J]. IEEE Transactions on Transportation Electrification, 2024: 1.
WU Fan, EL-REFAIE A M, AL-QARNI A. Minimization of winding AC losses using inhomogeneous electrical conductivity enabled by additive manufacturing[J]. IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, 2022, 58(3): 3448.
王晓光,尹浩,余仁伟.轴向磁通无铁心永磁电机多层矩形扁线绕组涡流损耗解析计算及优化[J].电工技术学报, 2023, 38(12): 3133.
WANG Xiaoguang, YIN Hao, YU Renwei. Analytical calculation and parameter optimization of eddy current loss for coreless axial flux permanent magnet synchronous machine with multilayer flat wire winding[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2023, 38(12): 3133.
ZHANG Wanjun. Winding losses in high-speed machines using form-wound windings[D]. Wisconsin: The University of Wisconsin-Madison, 2015.
谢颖,李厚宇,蔡蔚,等.发卡绕组双层内置式永磁同步电机设计与研究[J].电机与控制学报, 2022, 26(4): 49.
XIE Ying, LI Houyu, CAI Wei, et al. Design and research of double layer internal permanent magnet synchronous motor with hairpin winding[J]. Electric Machines and Control, 2022, 26 (4): 49.
胡昊波.电动汽车用扁线永磁电机交流铜耗计算与分析研究[D].武汉:华中科技大学, 2022.
曹龙飞,范兴纲,李大伟,等.基于快速有限元的永磁电机绕组涡流损耗半解析高效计算[J].电工技术学报,2023,38 (1):154.
CAO Longfei, FAN Xinggang, LI Dawei, et al. Semi analytical and efficient calculation method of eddy current loss in windings of permanent magnet machines based on fast finite element method[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2023,38 (1):154.
武岳,张志锋.轴向磁通永磁电机扁铜线交流铜耗的混合解析计算及抑制[J].电工技术学报, 2023,38(24): 6610.
WU Yue, ZHANG Zhifeng. Hybrid analytical calculation and suppression of AC copper loss of flat copper wire in axial flux permanent magnet motor[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2023, 38(24): 6610.
ENGLAND M, DOTZ B, PONICK B. Evaluation of winding symmetry and circulating currents of hairpin windings[C]//2021 IEEE International Electric Machines&Drives Conference (IEM-DC), May 17-20, 2021, Hartford, CT, USA. 2021: 1-8.
0
浏览量
0
下载量
1
CSCD
- 网络PDF下载
- Meta-XML下载
- BibTeX下载
- Endnote下载
- RefMan 下载
- NoteExpress下载
- NoteFirst下载
关联资源
相关文章
相关作者
相关机构
AI脑图
AI问答- 技术支持由北京北大方正电子有限公司提供 京ICP备09064830号-19
京公网安备11010802024621 - 本系统建议在Chrome、 IE9+ 以上版本浏览器阅读本站内容，360浏览器请切换至极速模式
- Cookies帮助我们提供服务并提供个性化体验。使用本网站，即表示您同意我们使用Cookies