A transparent scaled-up cylindrical nozzle was used to set up a visible test bench

and the cavitation characteristics and near-field spray morphology of ethanol-diesel in nozzle at different needle lifts of3 mm

6 mm and 8 mm were explored at different fuel flow velocities that obtained by adjusting injection pressure. The experimental results indicate that with the increase of fuel flow velocity the cavitation in nozzle experiences non-cavitation

cavitation(incipience

development

super-cavitation) and hydraulic flip. At the same fuel flow velocity

a smaller needle lift is more prone to produce cavitaion and the cavitaion is more intense. With the increase of fuel flow velocity

the nozzle discharge coefficient changes from a gentle rise to a sudden decline. The larger the needle lift is

the greater the discharge coefficient is at the same fuel flow velocity. And the near-field spray cone angle increases first and then decreases with the increase of fuel flow velocity. A smaller needle lift has a larger near-field spray cone angle at the same fuel flow velocity before the hydraulic flip

and the fuel flow velocity at which the maximum near-field spray cone angle appears is lower.