The northward shift of China's summer rain belt has increased the likelihood that extreme weather events will affect cities in the Yellow River Basin. Cities along the Yellow River in Inner Mongolia have exhibited pronounced vulnerability when exposed to rainstorm and flood disasters

highlighting the urgent need for more resilient and sustainable integrated urban governance strategies. Taking six cities along the Yellow River in Inner Mongolia as the study area and using data from 2013 to 2022

this study establishes an evaluation framework for urban safety resilience under extreme rainstorm and flood scenarios based on four dimensions: economic resilience

social resilience

infrastructure resilience

and ecological resilience. The CRITIC-entropy weighting method was employed to determine the combined weights of the evaluation indicators

classify resilience levels

and generate zoning maps of urban safety resilience using a Geographic Information System( GIS). An obstacle degree model was subsequently applied to identify the key factors constraining urban safety resilience.The results show that urban safety resilience indices fluctuated considerably during the study period. Spatially

resilience in the Hohhot-Baotou-Ordos-Wuhai urban agglomeration increased from the core toward the periphery

while substantial disparities remained among the constituent cities. The findings provide scientific support for addressing climate change risks

implementing differentiated climate adaptation strategies

promoting the coordinated enhancement of infrastructure

ecological

economic

and social resilience

and improving the safety resilience and sustainable development of cities along the Yellow River in Inner Mongolia.