As a national pioneer in integrated water services reform

Ningbo City has established a comprehensive end-to-end management system that covers urban and rural water supply

drainage

and sewage treatment through four progressive stages. This system has largely achieved unified water resource allocation

coordinated dispatching

and market-oriented operations. However

several challenges remain

including weak institutional coordination

unclear path for market reform

low integration of regulations and policies

and insufficient personnel capacity

all of which constrain further reform. In response

this paper proposes a three-dimensional reform framework of “Goals-Measures-Guarantees”

which aims to build a benchmark city for integrated water services reform nationwide. The framework includes four core strategic measures including integration of investment

construction

management

and operation; urban-rural water integration

integrated supply

drainage

and reuse systems

and holistic support systems. These are supported by a collaborative mechanism combining party-government coordination

institutional optimization

and technology empowerment. Together

these reforms aim to improve the efficiency of water resource allocation

promote high-quality development of the water sector

and provide a replicable “Ningbo Model” for national water services reform.