Strengthening grassroots river and lake management and protection is an important approach to maintain a sound ecological environment and promote the sustainable development of river and lake functions. Since the comprehensive implementation of the river and lake chief system

various regions have gradually established and improved the daily inspection and management system for grassroots rivers and lakes

with remarkable results. However

there are still weak links in some areas. Based on the collection of 313 policy documents and 102 excellent cases of grassroots river and lake management from 21 provinces including Fujian

Sichuan

Guizhou

and Gansu

this article conducts field research in typical areas such as Heilongjiang

Jiangsu

and Anhui to deeply analyze the problems existing in grassroots river and lake management. It proposes suggestions for improving grassroots river and lake management from the aspects of improving the scope of river and lake management

strengthening the force of river and lake management

establishing a stable and sustainable funding guarantee mechanism

using modern technology

and leveraging endogenous power

which can provide references for further strengthening the grassroots river and lake chief system and river and lake management.