1.云南电网有限责任公司, 昆明 650051
2.云南电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院, 昆明 650051
3.云南电网有限责任公司红河供电局, 云南 蒙自 661100
4.暨南大学 国际能源学院/能源电力研究中心, 广东 珠海 519000
杨浚文(1985),男,高级工程师,硕士,从事电网规划、系统运行分析相关工作,junwenyang_1@163.com;
徐志(1984),男,通信作者,高级工程师(教授级),硕士,从事智能配电网与电能质量、直流输电与电力电子应用相关工作,xuzhi1123@163.com;
姜訸(1993),男,工程师,硕士,从事电能质量分析与控制相关工作,jh_yndky@outlook.com。
收稿:2025-11-21,
网络首发:2026-06-17,
纸质出版:2026-08-20
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杨浚文,徐志,姜訸等.基于深度学习的乡村综合能源系统短期负荷预测[J].南方电网技术,2026,20(08):67-77.
YANG Junwen,XU Zhi,JIANG He,et al.Short-Term Load Forecasting for Rural Integrated Energy Systems Based on Deep Learning[J].Southern Power System Technology,2026,20(08):67-77.
杨浚文,徐志,姜訸等.基于深度学习的乡村综合能源系统短期负荷预测[J].南方电网技术,2026,20(08):67-77. DOI: 10.13648/j.cnki.issn1674-0629.2026.08.006.
YANG Junwen,XU Zhi,JIANG He,et al.Short-Term Load Forecasting for Rural Integrated Energy Systems Based on Deep Learning[J].Southern Power System Technology,2026,20(08):67-77. DOI: 10.13648/j.cnki.issn1674-0629.2026.08.006.
乡村综合能源系统短期负荷的准确预测对于乡村电网的安全稳定运行及新能源就地消纳具有重要意义。然而,受农业生产节律和天气突变等多重因素耦合影响,乡村综合能源系统负荷呈现出强随机性、非平稳性及多时间尺度特征,导致传统方法预测精度受限。为此提出了一种基于VMD-Informer-BiGRU模型的短期负荷预测方法。该方法首先构建了包含农忙时段、环境温度、节假日等多维特征集,以精准表征乡村特有的用能模式;利用变分模态分解(variational mode decomposition,VMD)将原始负荷序列解耦为具有不同频率特性的模态分量,有效消除随机波动干扰;在此基础上引入Informer模型深度挖掘全局长程时间依赖,并协同双向门控循环单元(BiGRU)捕捉局部突变特征,实现多尺度时序特征的深度融合;最后构建了组合预测模型。以中国某乡村地区实际用能场景为预测对象,计算结果表明所提模型的预测精度高于其他模型。
Accurate short-term load forecasting of rural integrated energy systems is of great significance for the safe and stable operation of rural power grids and local renewable energy consumption. However
due to the coupled effects of agricultural production rhythms
sudden weather changes
and other factors
the load of rural integrated energy systems exhibits strong randomness
non-stationarity
and multi-time-scale characteristics
which limit the forecasting accuracy of traditional methods. To address this issue
a short-term load forecasting method is proposed based on the VMD-Informer-BiGRU model. Firstly
a multidimensional feature set including farming periods
ambient temperature
and holidays is constructed to accurately characterize the unique energy consumption patterns in rural areas. Variational mode decomposition (VMD) is then used to decompose the original load sequence into modal components with different frequency characteristics
effectively reducing random fluctuation interference. On this basis
the Informer model is introduced to extract global long-term temporal dependencies
while the bidirectional gated recurrent unit (BiGRU) is employed to capture local mutation features
achieving deep fusion of multi-scale temporal features. Finally
a combined forecasting model is established. Using an actual rural energy consumption scenario in China as the case study
the results show that the proposed model achieves higher forecasting accuracy than other models.
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