Electromagnetic equipment-based flexible AC transmission and distribution technology(EME-FTDT) is a novel power system control and regulation technology evolved from conventional electrical equipment. By integrating mechanical and power electronic switches and combining advanced control strategies

EME-FTDT significantly enhances equipment operational flexibility and system controllability. This enables effective responses to dynamic changes in operating conditions

thereby improving the security

stability

and economic efficiency of AC transmission and distribution systems. Over the past two decades

China Electric Power Research Institute has actively conducted key technology research and engineering application development in the EME-FTDT field. A series of technological achievements with independent intellectual property rights have been made

and a variety of EME-FTDT controllers have been successfully developed and deployed. This paper elaborates on the operating principles of various EME-FTDT devices

including flexible regulation technology for transformers

flexible control technology for circuit breakers

controllable shunt reactors

controllable surge arresters

controllable neutral grounding devices

hybrid controllable phase shifters

and electromagnetic flexible interconnection devices for distribution networks. Furthermore

this paper provides a comprehensive review of the progress made by China Electric Power Research Institute regarding technical R&D and engineering applications of EME-FTDT.