CPOD)与时步级多分支双向长短期记忆网络(stepwise multi-branch bidirectional long short-term memory
SMB-BiLSTM)降阶的非线性瞬态磁场快速计算方法,通过多阶段K-means空间节点缩减策略构建缩减快照矩阵,实现对大规模电工设备磁场的高效特征提取,获得主要模态与对应系数向量。针对三维瞬态特性,该文建立SMB-BiLSTM网络以计算不同激励波形下的时序系数向量,将复杂的场求解问题转化为对不同模态最佳线性组合的预测,最终生成精确的磁场分布。该文通过建立旋转电机非线性瞬态场基准模型TEAM Problem 24以及1台1 000 kVA非晶合金配电变压器的快速计算模型,与全阶模型的计算结果和计算时间进行对比,验证降阶模型的高效性。结果表明:该方法能够保持较高的计算精度(平均相对误差分别为0.79%和1.72%),显著提高三维非线性瞬态磁场的计算效率,达到了万倍的加速比。
Abstract
Large-scale electrical equipment typically involves millions of nodes
leading to prohibitive computational costs in three-dimensional (3-D) nonlinear transient magnetic field simulations and making real-time simulation of electromagnetic performance difficult to achieve. This paper proposes a fast calculation method for nonlinear transient magnetic fields based on cluster-enhanced proper orthogonal decomposition (CPOD) and stepwise multi-branch bidirectional long short-term memory (SMB-BiLSTM) reduced-order modeling. A reduced snapshot matrix is constructed via a multi-stage K-means spatial node reduction strategy to achieve efficient feature extraction of the magnetic fields in large-scale electrical equipment
and the dominant modes and their corresponding coefficient vectors are obtained. In accordance with the 3-D transient characteristics
an SMB-BiLSTM network is established to calculate the temporal coefficient vectors under different excitation waveforms
thus the complex field solving problem is transformed into a prediction of the optimal linear combination of different modes
ultimately reconstructing the precise magnetic field distribution. The efficiency of the proposed reduced-order model is verified by establishing fast calculation models for the TEAM Problem 24 (a benchmark for nonlinear transient fields in rotating machines) and a 1 000 kVA amorphous alloy distribution transformer
and the results and computation time are compared with those of the full-order models. The results demonstrate that the proposed method can be adopted to maintain high calculation accuracy (with average relative errors of 0.79% and 1.72%
respectively) and significantly improve the calculation efficiency of 3D nonlinear transient magnetic fields