LIU Chenyang, GAO Tiantian, WANG Guangning, et al. 海上风电高压柔直送出多端系统故障穿越特性及关键技术综述[J]. 2025, 51(10): 4913-4932. DOI: 10.13336/j.1003-6520.hve.20250553.
海上风电高压柔直送出多端系统故障穿越特性及关键技术综述
摘要
随着海上风电的快速发展,高压柔性直流输电技术(voltage source converter-high voltage direct current,VSC-HVDC)已成为大规模海上电能送出的有效途径。然而,该技术也对柔性直流电网稳定性和故障穿越能力提出了更高要求。该文聚焦于大规模多端海上风电柔直输电系统,揭示了故障扰动在风电场、换流站及柔直系统中的传播机制,系统梳理了海上风电送出系统实现低/高电压故障穿越的最新研究进展。对结合控制优化与硬件保护配置的多维度协调技术进行了综述,该技术可有效增强风电系统的故障穿越能力,提高系统的稳定性,并通过对典型海上风电VSC-HVDC工程案例的讨论验证了多维度协调技术的优越性。最后,针对VSC-HVDC故障穿越技术的未来研究,需重点突破:构建全域非线性动态模型以深度解析故障行为机制,从而为故障传播路径量化分析与穿越策略优化奠定严格数学基础;同时研发高性能故障穿越硬件设备,聚焦解决极端工况下的工程瓶颈,提高系统故障穿越能力。
Abstract
With the rapid development of offshore wind power
VSC-HVDC has become an effective way for large-scale offshore power delivery. However
this technology also puts forward higher requirements on DC network stability and fault ride-through capability. This paper focuses on large-scale multi-terminal offshore wind power flexible transmission system
reveals the propagation mechanism of fault disturbances in wind farms
converter stations and flexible systems
and systematically combs through the latest research progresses of offshore wind power delivery system to achieve low-/high-voltage fault ride-through. It is reviewed that the multidimensional coordination technique combining control optimization and hardware protection configuration can effectively enhance the fault ride-through capability of the wind power system and improve the stability of the system
and the superiority of the multidimensional coordination technique is verified through the discussion of typical offshore wind power VSC-HVDC engineering cases. Finally
for the future research of VSC-HVDC fault ride-through technology
it is necessary to focus on following breakthroughs: constructing a full-domain nonlinear dynamic model to deeply analyze the fault behavior mechanism
thus laying a rigorous mathematical foundation for the quantitative analysis of fault propagation paths and optimization of ride-through strategy; simultaneously