The integration of high-penetration renewable energy reduces system inertia

threatening power grid frequency stability. To address the dynamic response lag caused by filter phase delay in existing virtual inertia control of wind turbines and the insufficient oscillation-suppression capability of parameter-adaptive strategies

this paper proposes an adaptive frequency control method that considers virtual inertia-damping dynamic coupling. First

a frequency response model incorporating the coupling characteristics of virtual inertia and damping is established to reveal their comprehensive influence mechanism on system frequency. Then

a coordinated optimization strategy combining low-pass and band-pass filters is adopted to achieve steady-state frequency deviation compensation and dynamic rate of change of frequency (RoCoF) correction. Furthermore

a dynamic exponential switching control based on frequency deviation and RoCoF is proposed

enhancing frequency stability under wide-range disturbances through piecewise nonlinear regulation. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed method significantly improves frequency deviation suppression and settling time reduction

providing an effective solution for direct-drive permanent magnet synchronous wind turbines to participate in grid frequency regulation.