To take into account the ‘double carbon’ target and the bottom line of energy supply

improve the carbon reduction capacity of the source-load side of the energy system

while effectively tapping the carbon reduction potential of the system

alleviate the contradiction between the total installed capacity growth of thermal power and the consumption of wind power. In this paper

the green ammonia production

ammonia coal co-combustion and a variety of flexible resources are combined to form a green ammonia coupling power generation unit. At the same time

considering low-carbon technologies such as carbon capture

and applying the carbon emission flow theory

an integrated energy virtual power plant (IEVPP) low-carbon economic dispatch model considering green ammonia substitution and multi-step carbon potential demand response is proposed to reduce system carbon emissions and improve system economy. Firstly

the green ammonia substitution is used as a means to solve the problem of mismatch between wind power supply and energy consumption

and it is combined with the ammonia blending technology of coal-fired units to analyze its energy flow and low-carbon characteristics. Secondly

the multi-coupling process of electricity-carbon-hydrogen-ammonia is introduced into IEVPP to promote wind power consumption and improve system regulation capacity. Finally

based on the carbon emission flow theory

a multi-step carbon potential demand response model is proposed through dynamic carbon emission factors

and the carbon reduction potential of the system is fully explored from both sides of the source and load. The simulation results of the example show that the joint multivariate model considering green ammonia instead of IEVPP is constructed.