WU Shutan, WANG Qi, DONG Yu, et al. Functional Design of Attack-resilient State Estimation and Security Detection Based on Spatiotemporal Dynamic Reconfiguration of Hybrid Measurements[J]. 2026, 46(18): 6607-6623.
WU Shutan, WANG Qi, DONG Yu, et al. Functional Design of Attack-resilient State Estimation and Security Detection Based on Spatiotemporal Dynamic Reconfiguration of Hybrid Measurements[J]. 2026, 46(18): 6607-6623.DOI: 10.13334/j.0258-8013.pcsee.251594.
基于混合量测时空动态异构的状态估计抗攻击功能设计及安全检测方法
摘要
随着新型电力系统的信息物理深度融合,虚假数据注入攻击(false data injection attack,FDIA)等网络攻击手段对电力系统状态估计功能安全构成严重威胁。然而,现有攻击检测方法仍然存在攻击模型依赖性强、对隐蔽性攻击适应性不足及与估计模块耦合不紧密等技术瓶颈。该文面向数据采集与监视控制系统(supervisory control and data acquisition,SCADA)与广域量测系统(wide area measurement system,WAMS)融合的混合量测状态估计业务,提出一种基于混合量测时空动态异构的状态估计抗攻击功能设计及安全检测方法。首先,基于时空动态扰动机制构造时间采样矩阵与空间选择矩阵,实现状态估计结构的动态异构性与不确定性,主动构造信息不对称打破攻击者对系统的先验假设。然后,结合统计特性分析与显著性检验理论,构建基于残差均值偏移的检测指标,并基于鲁棒优化检测模型实现扰动策略与检测阈值的协同调整,通过扰动-响应对抗优化(disturbance- response adversarial optimization,DRAO)算法进行求解。最后,在不同测试系统中验证所提方法应对多种改进FDIA策略的检测效果,在保持状态估计本体精度的同时提升功能安全能力,具备可扩展性与工程应用潜力。
Abstract
With the deepening cyber-physical integration of new power systems
cyberattacks such as false data injection attacks (FDIAs) pose a significant threat to the functional security of state estimation. Existing detection approaches often rely heavily on attack-model priors
exhibit limited adaptability to stealthy or evolving threats
and are weakly integrated with core estimation modules. This paper considers hybrid measurement-based state estimation integrating supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) and wide-area measurement systems(WAMS)
and proposes an attack-resilient functional design with embedded security detection based on spatiotemporal dynamic heterogeneity. A spatiotemporal disturbance mechanism is introduced to actively construct time-sampling and spatial-selection matrices
thereby injecting dynamic heterogeneity and structural uncertainty into the estimation process to invalidate the attacker’s prior assumptions. Building on statistical characterization and significance testing
this study develops a mean residual shift (MRS)-based detection index that is tightly coupled with the estimator. A robust optimization-based detection model is developed to enable coordinated adjustment of disturbance strategies and detection thresholds
which is solved via a disturbance-response adversarial optimization (DRAO) algorithm. Simulations on standard test systems demonstrate that the proposed method effectively detects a wide range of enhanced FDIA strategies while preserving the accuracy of the underlying state estimation.