MA Haotian, ZENG Bo, WANG Han, et al. Risk Management Planning Method for Data Center Microgrids With Electricity-water-computing Collaboration[J]. 2026, 46(9): 3666-3678.
MA Haotian, ZENG Bo, WANG Han, et al. Risk Management Planning Method for Data Center Microgrids With Electricity-water-computing Collaboration[J]. 2026, 46(9): 3666-3678.DOI: 10.13334/j.0258-8013.pcsee.242494.
随着全球气温的不断上升与部分地区干旱程度的加重,水资源消耗已经成为除碳排放外数据中心规划需要考虑的另一个重要环保问题。该文提出一种电-水-算协同的数据中心微网风险管理规划方法,旨在解决多重不确定性环境下考虑水资源约束的数据中心经济性规划问题。首先,基于热传导方程建立数据中心冷却水消耗模型,通过超额惩罚价格的方式对数据中心水资源的消耗进行限制;随后,采用归一化与添加乘子的方式对数据中心负荷、光伏功率与室外气温3个不确定量进行转化与组合,得到可被条件风险价值(conditional value at risk,CVaR)利用的单变量形式;然后,构建分布式鲁棒优化-条件风险价值(distributionally robust optimization-CVaR,DRO-CVaR)模型,通过调整置信度参数的方式对规划的潜在风险进行有效度量,平衡规划结果的鲁棒性和经济性;最后,通过算例证明所提水足迹模型通过计及气温影响与惩罚约束有效抑制超额用水,同时引入不确定量分布概率参数以调整置信水平,可为决策者提供一种风险主动管理策略。
Abstract
With global temperature rise and worsening drought in some regions
water consumption has become another critical environmental concern in data center planning
alongside carbon emissions. This paper proposes a risk management planning method for data center microgrids that coordinates electricity
water
and computing resources to address economic planning under multiple uncertainties with water constraints. First
a cooling water consumption model is established via heat conduction equations
limiting water use through excess penalty pricing. Three uncertainties-data center workload
photovoltaic power
and outdoor temperature-are transformed into a univariate form for conditional value at risk (CVaR) using normalization and multipliers. A distributionally robust optimization-CVaR (DRO-CVaR) model is then constructed to measure potential risks by adjusting confidence parameters
balancing robustness and economy. Case studies demonstrate that the proposed water footprint model
by incorporating temperature impacts and penalty constraints
effectively mitigates excess water consumption
while introducing probability parameters for uncertainty distribution enables confidence level adjustment
providing a proactive risk management strategy for decision-makers.