As the main technical means to support the safe and stable operation of power grid

the network security of electric power supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) system has attracted much attention. In view of this

a new pattern of false data injection attack (FDIA) with residual pollution is proposed in this paper. In this model

the residual pollution phenomenon in power system state estimation is used to induce the bad data identification link to eliminate the normal measurement and retain the tampered measurement

so as to accurately mislead the state estimation results. In view of different identification principles of weighted/standardized residual search method

two attack models are proposed. Considering the reality that attackers have incomplete network information

the attack modeling mechanism under incomplete information is mined

and an attack scheme optimization algorithm based on mechanism- driven and graph theory search is designed. The example shows that the attacker only needs to master the local topology and line parameters to construct the attack vector in tens of milliseconds

and mislead the DC/AC state estimation results at a small attack cost

thus damaging the safe

stable and economic operation of the power grid.