1.东北电力大学电气工程学院,吉林省吉林市 132012
2.国网浙江省电力有限公司杭州市富阳区供电公司,杭州市 310000
3.东北电力大学输变电技术学院,吉林省吉林市 132012
4.国网吉林省电力有限公司四平供电公司,吉林省四平市 136000
张清源(1999),女,硕士研究生,主要研究方向为基于深度学习的宽频振荡定位,E-mail: 1062318066@qq.com;
周波(1981),男,本科,高级工程师,主要研究方向为电气工程及其自动化,E-mail: d1w2porky@126.com;
池建飞(1999),男,本科,高级工程师,主要研究方向为电气工程及其自动化,E-mail: 929536576@qq.com;
赵妍(1974),女,博士,副教授,通信作者,主要研究方向为电力系统稳定分析和控制、电力系统故障分析和信号处理,E-mail:zjb_112006@163.com;
陶亮(1982),男,本科,高级工程师,主要研究方向为电气工程及其自动化,E-mail: tlsnake@163.com;
胡枭(1989),男,博士,讲师,主要研究方向为综合能源系统分析、规划、调度及人工智能应用,E-mail: xhu@neepu.edu.cn。
收稿:2024-11-12,
修回:2025-05-09,
纸质出版:2025-10-01
移动端阅览
张清源,周波,池建飞等.基于Transformer-GAT的新型电力系统宽频振荡源定位[J].电力建设,2025,46(10):88-98.
ZHANG Qingyuan,ZHOU Bo,CHI Jianfei,et al.Wide-Frequency Oscillatory Source Localization of a New Power System Based on Transformer-GAT[J].Electric Power Construction,2025,46(10):88-98.
张清源,周波,池建飞等.基于Transformer-GAT的新型电力系统宽频振荡源定位[J].电力建设,2025,46(10):88-98. DOI: 10.12204/j.issn.1000-7229.2025.10.008.
ZHANG Qingyuan,ZHOU Bo,CHI Jianfei,et al.Wide-Frequency Oscillatory Source Localization of a New Power System Based on Transformer-GAT[J].Electric Power Construction,2025,46(10):88-98. DOI: 10.12204/j.issn.1000-7229.2025.10.008.
目的
2
为解决大规模新能源并网导致新型电力系统安全问题由传统工频段扩展到中高频段的问题,推动基于人工智能的宽频振荡源定位方法系统性研究,提出了一种基于Transformer和图注意力神经网络(graph attention neural network, GAT)相结合的宽频振荡源定位方法。
方法
2
首先在子站侧,利用Transformer网络的强大信号处理和特征提取能力,对电力系统的量测信号进行高效的编码压缩,以保证在有限带宽条件下有效传输关键的宽频振荡信息,并减少数据的冗余。其次在主站侧,结合压缩信号特征与系统网络拓扑结构利用GAT对振荡源进行定位。最后,利用含风电场的四机两区系统进行验证。
结果
2
仿真和实验结果表明,所提Transformer编码器可以从宽频振荡信号中提取有效特征以实现对子站信号的压缩;所提GAT模型可以实现宽频振荡源准确定位。在与其他算法进行的对比实验中,GAT模型在定位振荡源时具有较低的误报成本,并且保持灵敏度和特异度之间的平衡。
结论
2
Transformer-GAT方法通过信号特征与网络拓扑的协同分析,有效提升宽频振荡源定位精度与鲁棒性,为新型电力系统稳定运行提供技术支撑。
Objective
2
To solve the problem of new power system security caused by large-scale new-energy-grid connections from traditional industrial frequency bands to medium- and high-frequency bands, and to promote systematic research on a broadband oscillation source location method based on artificial intelligence, a wide-frequency oscillation source location method based on a transformer and graph attention neural network (GAT) is proposed.
Methods
2
First, on the substation side, the powerful signal processing and feature extraction capabilities of the transformer network were used to efficiently encode and compress the measurement signals of the power system to ensure the effective transmission of key broadband oscillation information under limited bandwidth conditions and reduce data redundancy. Subsequently, on the main-station side, combined with the compressed signal characteristics and system network topology, the GAT was used to locate the oscillation source. Finally, a four-machine, two-area system with a wind farm was used for verification.
Results
2
Simulation and experimental results show that the proposed transformer encoder can extract effective features from wide-frequency oscillation signals to realize the compression of substation signals. The proposed GAT model can achieve the accurate positioning of a wide-frequency oscillation source. In the comparison experiments with other algorithms, the GAT model had a lower false alarm cost when locating the oscillation source and maintained a balance between sensitivity and specificity.
Conclusions
2
Through the collaborative analysis of signal characteristics and network topology, the Transformer-GAT method effectively improves the positioning accuracy and robustness of wide-frequency oscillation sources. It provides technical support for the stable operation of new power systems.
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