铝门窗异型材激光切割加工策略及工艺试验

孟国飞; 周厚雄; 肖耘亚; 罗红平; 张清荣; 李伟; 谭传荣

doi:10.12052/gdutxb.240123

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铝门窗异型材激光切割加工策略及工艺试验

机械工程 | 更新时间：2026-05-27

- 铝门窗异型材激光切割加工策略及工艺试验
- Machining Strategy and Experiments on Laser Cutting of Profiles in Aluminum Doors and Windows
- 广东工业大学学报 2025年42卷第3期页码：72-79
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 佛山市镭科智能设备有限公司,广东,佛山,528000
  2. 广东工业大学机电工程学院,广东,广州,510006
  3. 韶关学院智能工程学院,广东,韶关,512005
  4. 湖南大学机械与运载工程学院,湖南,长沙,410082
- 作者简介：
  
  孟国飞(1976–)，男，中级工程师，本科，主要研究方向为机械制造工艺及装备，E-mail：2212587039@qq.com
  罗红平(1978–)，男，副教授，博士，主要研究方向为特种加工、精密制造、智能制造技术与装备，E-mail：luohongping@gdut.edu.cn
- 基金信息：
  
  广东省教育厅重点领域专项(2020ZDZX2062);佛山市高校教师特色创新研究项目(2021XJZZ18);韶关市科技计划项目(220605224531720)
- DOI：10.12052/gdutxb.240123
  中图分类号： TG665
- 纸质出版：2025
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
孟国飞, 周厚雄, 肖耘亚, 等. 铝门窗异型材激光切割加工策略及工艺试验[J]. 广东工业大学学报, 2025, 42(3): 72–79.

Meng Guofei, Zhou Houxiong, Xiao Yunya, et al. Machining Strategy and Experiments on Laser Cutting of Profiles in Aluminum Doors and Windows[J]. 2025, 42(3): 72-79.
孟国飞, 周厚雄, 肖耘亚, 等. 铝门窗异型材激光切割加工策略及工艺试验[J]. 广东工业大学学报, 2025, 42(3): 72–79. DOI： 10.12052/gdutxb.240123

Meng Guofei, Zhou Houxiong, Xiao Yunya, et al. Machining Strategy and Experiments on Laser Cutting of Profiles in Aluminum Doors and Windows[J]. 2025, 42(3): 72-79. DOI： 10.12052/gdutxb.240123.

摘要

针对激光切割铝门窗异型材时存在的变截面(如带筋结构)型孔难切穿、切缝周边漆面易剥落、切割头与深窄槽立边易碰撞等技术难点，基于工件轮廓自识别、功率−速度(P-V)曲线自调整、防干涉自决策等智能机床技术，提出变截面型孔的变速切割、双层/多层孔的激光切割−数控锯铣组合加工、带漆面铝合金的防掉漆高效切割、深窄槽的防干涉长焦/变焦切割等激光切割加工策略，实现了型孔的高质高效柔性加工。在自主研制的铝门窗复杂型材激光切割−锯铣一体化加工智能机床上开展了型孔的激光切割试验，试验研究了激光功率、切割速度、焦点位置等工艺参数对切缝宽度、切透情况和漆面损伤等激光切割效果的影响。结果表明，激光的焦点位置对切缝宽度和漆面损伤的影响最大，采用负焦点切割有利于降低漆面层的损伤并提高激光对工件的切透能力。在给定的试验条件下，使用

1000

W的光纤激光、切割速度

3000

mm/min和焦点位置−1 mm时可获得最佳的型孔切割效果。

Abstract

To solve the technical problems in laser cutting of profiles in aluminum doors and windows

such as difficulty in cutting through the holes in variable cross-section (such as ribbed structure) and double-layer/multi-layer structure

easy peeling of the paint near the cutting seam

interference between the cutting head and the deep groove structure

an intelligent machine tool integrating the function of laser cutting and sawing-NC milling is developed

in which the laser cutting technology with var

ying speed for profile cutting with complex cross-section based on intelligent workpiece contour recognition and adaptive adjustment of power-velocity (P-V) cure

combination of laser cutting and CNC milling for double-layer/multi-layer holes machining

laser cutting technology of high-reflective aluminum alloy paint materials and anti-interference technology for deep groove cutting with long or adjustable focal length are involved. The influence of parameters such as laser power

cutting speed

and focus position on the profile hole was studied. Experiments show that negative focus laser cutting is beneficial to reducing the damage of the paint surface layer of the profile and improving the penetration ability of the laser into the workpiece. Under the given experimental conditions

the best laser cutting parameters are:

1000

W fiber laser with a cutting speed of

3000

mm/min and a focal position of −1 mm.

关键词

Keywords

references

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