建筑产消者参与城市综合能源系统负荷调控综述

王芃澍; 李泽宁; 薛屹洵; 常馨月; 苏珈; 窦银科; 孙宏斌

doi:10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202601030

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建筑产消者参与城市综合能源系统负荷调控综述

更新时间：2026-10-14

- 建筑产消者参与城市综合能源系统负荷调控综述
- Review on load regulation of building prosumers participating in urban integrated energy systems
- 中国电力 2026年59卷第9期页码：67-82
- 作者机构：
  
  煤电清洁智能控制教育部重点实验室（太原理工大学）
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
  
  国家自然科学基金资助项目（52507133）;煤电清洁智能控制教育部重点实验室开放基金资助项目（CICCE202501）;山西省创新生态服务支撑专项-创新平台基地建设专项项目（202502ZZ0910010）
- DOI：10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202601030
  中图分类号：
- 纸质出版：2026
- 稿件说明：
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王芃澍, 李泽宁, 薛屹洵, 等. 建筑产消者参与城市综合能源系统负荷调控综述[J]. 中国电力, 2026, 59(9): 67−82.

WANG Pengshu, LI Zening, XUE Yixun, et al. Review on load regulation of building prosumers participating in urban integrated energy systems[J]. 2026, 59(9): 67-82.
王芃澍, 李泽宁, 薛屹洵, 等. 建筑产消者参与城市综合能源系统负荷调控综述[J]. 中国电力, 2026, 59(9): 67−82. DOI： 10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202601030

WANG Pengshu, LI Zening, XUE Yixun, et al. Review on load regulation of building prosumers participating in urban integrated energy systems[J]. 2026, 59(9): 67-82. DOI： 10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202601030.

摘要

在“双碳”目标驱动下，传统能源系统正在向多能互补、深度耦合的综合能源系统（integrated energy system，IES）转变。建筑的角色正从单纯的能源消费者演变为集能源生产、消费、存储、转换为一体的“产消者”。建筑产消者集成了屋顶光伏、储能系统、电动汽车、可控负荷等多元化的分布式能源，其与能源系统的互动模式日趋复杂。大量产消者的并网给IES带来严峻挑战，有效聚合与调控海量建筑产消者的灵活性，是保障IES安全经济运行、提升系统韧性的关键。为此，对建筑产消者参与IES负荷调控的理论与技术进行全面、系统的综述。首先，系统阐述了建筑产消者的集成建模方法，重点分析了其关键物理特性，包括楼宇热力学动态以及屋顶光伏、储能、电动汽车、热泵等设备的运行特性。其次，深入探讨了产消者在电、热、气多维度下的灵活性潜力评估理论，重点分析了其可行域表征及不确定性量化方法。接着，详细梳理了实现产消者高效协同的多层次控制策略。然后，通过剖析国内外前沿示范工程，展示了相关技术的实践现状与商业模式探索。最后，归纳了当前在数学模型与控制策略等技术层面，以及市场机制与标准体系等制度层面面临的关键瓶颈，展望了建筑产消者参与城市IES负荷调控的未来研究方向。

Abstract

Driven by the "dual carbon" goals

traditional energy systems are evolving toward integrated energy systems (IES) characterized by multi-energy complementarity and deep coupling. The role of buildings is shifting from mere energy consumers to "prosumers" that integrate energy production

consumption

storage

and conversion. Building prosumers incorporate diverse distributed energy resources (DERs) such as rooftop photovoltaics (PV)

energy storage systems

electric vehicles (EVs)

and controllable loads

leading to increasingly complex interaction patterns with energy systems. However

the grid integration of massive prosumers poses formidable challenges to the IES. Effectively aggregating and regulating the flexibility of massive building prosumers is pivotal for ensuring the secure and economic operation of IES and enhancing system resilience. To this end

this paper presents a comprehensive and systematic review of the theories and technologies for building prosumers participating in IES load regulation. First

the integrated modeling approaches for building prosumers are systematically elaborated

with emphasis on their key physical characteristics

including building thermodynamic dynamics and the operational characteristics of equipment such as rooftop PV

energy storage

EVs and heat pumps. Second

the theories for evaluating the multi-dimensional flexibility potential of prosumers across electricity

heat and gas sectors are discussed in depth

focusing on feasible region characterization and uncertainty quantification methods. Subsequently

multi-level control strategies designed to achieve efficient prosumer synergy are reviewed in detail. Furthermore

through analyzing the cutting-edge demonstration projects at home and abroad

the current practical status of relevant technologies and explorations of business models are presented. Finally

the paper summarizes the key bottlenecks encountered at both the technical core level and the systemic institutional level

and concludes future research directions for building prosumers participating in urban IES load regulation.

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