基于JHA-HAZOP方法的变电站运维风险识别与防控

张少凡; 牛振勇; 区燕敏; 李妍红; 洪计茂

doi:10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202510088

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基于JHA-HAZOP方法的变电站运维风险识别与防控

新型电网 | 更新时间：2026-07-01

- 基于JHA-HAZOP方法的变电站运维风险识别与防控
- Risk identification and prevention in substation operation and maintenance using JHA-HAZOP methodology
- 中国电力 2026年59卷第6期页码：192-201
- 作者机构：
  
  广东电网有限责任公司广州供电局,广东,广州,510310
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
  
  广东电网有限责任公司科技项目（030100KC25010012）。
- DOI：10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202510088
  中图分类号：
- 网络首发：2026-06-22，
  
  纸质出版：2026
- 稿件说明：
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张少凡, 牛振勇, 区燕敏, 李妍红, 洪计茂. 基于JHA-HAZOP方法的变电站运维风险识别与防控[J]. 中国电力, 2026, 59(6): 192-201.

ZHANG Shaofan, NIU Zhenyong, OU Yanmin, et al. Risk identification and prevention in substation operation and maintenance using JHA-HAZOP methodology[J]. 2026, 59(6): 192-201.
张少凡, 牛振勇, 区燕敏, 李妍红, 洪计茂. 基于JHA-HAZOP方法的变电站运维风险识别与防控[J]. 中国电力, 2026, 59(6): 192-201. DOI： 10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202510088.

ZHANG Shaofan, NIU Zhenyong, OU Yanmin, et al. Risk identification and prevention in substation operation and maintenance using JHA-HAZOP methodology[J]. 2026, 59(6): 192-201. DOI： 10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202510088.

摘要

随着电网规模扩大及设备老化问题加剧，变电站运维作业潜在风险识别与防控难度显著增加，传统安全管理方法在覆盖范围与措施针对性方面存在明显不足。针对这一问题，提出一种基于工作危害与危险可操作性分析方法（job hazard and hazard operability analysis，JHA-HAZOP）的风险识别与防控策略。首先，依据工作危害分析方法（job hazard analysis，JHA）对变电站运维流程进行任务分解，构建系统化分析框架；其次，引入危险与可操作性分析方法（hazard and operability analysis，HAZOP）的引导词偏差识别逻辑，建立偏差识别与风险控制的量化映射模型，实现对潜在风险的系统识别与评估；最后，结合信息化技术开发安全风险控制系统，实现风险管控闭环。仿真及典型案例验证表明，通过引入效益成本比模型，典型场景下优选方案的投入产出相比常规方案提升约66.7%。所提方法在管理精度与资源配置效率方面均优于传统方法，有效提升了变电站运维的安全管理水平。

Abstract

With the expansion of power grid scale and the intensification of equipment aging issues

the identification and prevention of potential risks in substation operation and maintenance have become significantly more challenging. Traditional safety management methods exhibit notable shortcomings in coverage scope and targeted measures. To address this issue

a risk identification and prevention strategy based on Job Hazard and Hazard Operability Analysis (JHA-HAZOP) is proposed. First

the substation operation and maintenance process is decomposed into tasks using Job Hazard Analysis (JHA) to establish a systematic analytical framework. Second

the deviation identification logic from Hazard and Operability Analysis (HAZOP) is introduced to create a quantitative mapping model for deviation recognition and risk control

enabling systematic identification and assessment of potential risks. Finally

an information technology-based safety risk control system is developed to achieve closed-loop risk management. Simulation and case validation demonstrate that the introduction of a benefit-cost ratio model shows that optimal solutions in typical scenarios achieve approximately 66.7% higher input-output efficiency compared to conventional approaches. The proposed method outperforms traditional methods in both management precision and resource allocation efficiency

effectively enhancing the safety management level of substation operations.

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