With respect to sensitivity

selectivity and speed of operation

the current differential scheme is a better way to protect transmission lines than overcurrent and distance-based schemes. However

the protection scheme can be severely influenced by the Line Charging Capacitive Current (LCCC) with increased voltage level and Current Transformer (CT) saturation under external close-in faults. This paper presents a new UHV/EHV current-based protection scheme using the ratio of phasor summation of the two-end currents to the local end current

instead of summation of the two-end currents

to discriminate the internal faults. The accuracy and effectiveness of the proposed protection technique are tested on the 110 kV Western System Coordinating Council (WSCC) 9-bus system using PSCAD/MATLAB. The simulation results confirm the reliable operation of the proposed scheme during internal/external faults and its independence from fault location

fault resistance

type of fault

and variations in source impedance. Finally

the effectiveness of the proposed scheme is also verified with faults during power swing and in series compensated lines.