Greenhouse gas emissions and removals from the Belo Monte Hydropower Reservoir, Brazil

Claudio Augusto Borges Pavani; Marco Aurélio dos Santos; Marcelo Di Lello Jordão; Elizabeth Matvienko Sikar; Marcelo Andrade Amorim; Ayr Manuel Portilho Bentes Junior; Teodósio das Neves Milisse Nzualo; Ana Carla Martins Veras; Orleno Marques da Silva Junior; Thalita de Moura Negrão; Rogério Duarte Pereira; Juliana Pinto Pereira

doi:10.1093/ce/zkaf054

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Greenhouse gas emissions and removals from the Belo Monte Hydropower Reservoir, Brazil

更新时间：2026-02-06

- Greenhouse gas emissions and removals from the Belo Monte Hydropower Reservoir, Brazil
- Greenhouse gas emissions and removals from the Belo Monte Hydropower Reservoir, Brazil
- 清洁能源（英文） 2025年第6期
- 作者机构：
  
  1. Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Athos da Silveira Ramos Avenue
  2. Construmaq, Sebastião de Moraes Street
  3. Federal University of Rio de Janeiro
  4. Federal University of Amapá, Josmar Chaves Pinto Highway
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
  
  Study financed by research and development program ‘Development of Methodology for Calculating Greenhouse Gas Emissions in the Belo Monte Hydropower Reservoir’ of Norte Energia, project number 07427-0119/2019 of the National Electric Energy Agency—ANEEL.
- DOI：10.1093/ce/zkaf054
  中图分类号：
- 纸质出版：2025
- 稿件说明：
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Claudio Augusto Borges Pavani, Marco Aurélio dos Santos, Marcelo Di Lello Jordão, 等. Greenhouse gas emissions and removals from the Belo Monte Hydropower Reservoir, Brazil[J]. 清洁能源（英文）, 2025,(6).

Claudio Augusto Borges Pavani, Marco Aurélio dos Santos, Marcelo Di Lello Jordão, Elizabeth Matvienko Sikar, Marcelo Andrade Amorim, Ayr Manuel Portilho Bentes Junior, Teodósio das Neves Milisse Nzualo, Ana Carla Martins Veras, Orleno Marques da Silva Junior, Thalita de Moura Negrão, Rogério Duarte Pereira, Juliana Pinto Pereira, Greenhouse gas emissions and removals from the Belo Monte Hydropower Reservoir, Brazil, Clean Energy, Volume 9, Issue 6, December 2025, Pages 256–271, https://doi.org/10.1093/ce/zkaf054
Claudio Augusto Borges Pavani, Marco Aurélio dos Santos, Marcelo Di Lello Jordão, 等. Greenhouse gas emissions and removals from the Belo Monte Hydropower Reservoir, Brazil[J]. 清洁能源（英文）, 2025,(6). DOI： 10.1093/ce/zkaf054.

Claudio Augusto Borges Pavani, Marco Aurélio dos Santos, Marcelo Di Lello Jordão, Elizabeth Matvienko Sikar, Marcelo Andrade Amorim, Ayr Manuel Portilho Bentes Junior, Teodósio das Neves Milisse Nzualo, Ana Carla Martins Veras, Orleno Marques da Silva Junior, Thalita de Moura Negrão, Rogério Duarte Pereira, Juliana Pinto Pereira, Greenhouse gas emissions and removals from the Belo Monte Hydropower Reservoir, Brazil, Clean Energy, Volume 9, Issue 6, December 2025, Pages 256–271, https://doi.org/10.1093/ce/zkaf054 DOI：

摘要

Abstract

This article presents the results obtained from greenhouse gas measurements at the Belo Monte Hydropower Reservoir. The research also details how to implement the Monte Carlo method to extrapolate greenhouse gas fluxes using observed field data from the entire reservoir. The results were compared with other studies on the same hydroelectric plant and other hydropower reservoir studies in Brazil. This study found that the Belo Monte hydroelectric plant emits a range of 3.09 gCO2eq m−2 d−1 using analytical calculation or 2.06 gCO2eq m−2 d−1 using the Monte Carlo method. In terms of the energy intensity index

the emissions represent 1.79 gCO2eq kWh−1 by analytical calculation or 1.20 gCO2eq kWh−1 by Monte Carlo method simulation. The emissions are lower than those reported in previous studies

which is justifiable since emissions during the initial phase of a reservoir’s operation are more intensive. It was observed that

in this case

using the Monte Carlo method yields results close to those obtained using the analytical method

both in terms of the average value and its uncertainty. In addition

the Monte Carlo method is more sensitive to extreme values.

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references

R Core Team. Lognormal distribution (lognormal). In R: A language and environment for statistical computing (Version 4.2.0) [Manual]. 2022. https://stat.ethz.ch/R-manual/R-devel/library/stats/html/Lognormal.html. (5 August 2025, date last accessed).

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