TD3 Deep Reinforcement Learning Control Approach for a DC-DC Multiport Converter Used in Low-Power EV Applications

Amirhossein Hosseini; Saeed Hosseinnataj; Ali Arzani

doi:10.1049/ses2.70027

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TD3 Deep Reinforcement Learning Control Approach for a DC-DC Multiport Converter Used in Low-Power EV Applications

更新时间：2026-06-24

- TD3 Deep Reinforcement Learning Control Approach for a DC-DC Multiport Converter Used in Low-Power EV Applications
- TD3 Deep Reinforcement Learning Control Approach for a DC-DC Multiport Converter Used in Low-Power EV Applications
- IET Smart Energy Systems 2026年2卷第2期
- 作者机构：
  
  1. Electrical Engineering Department, Noshirvani University of Technology, Babol,Iran
  2. Contribution: Software, Data curation, Formal analysis, Visualization, Resources, Investigation, Methodology, Writing - review & editing, Writing - original draft, Conceptualization, Validation
  3. University Lille, Arts et Metiers Institute of Technology,Lille,France
  4. Contribution: Conceptualization, Methodology, Validation, Formal analysis, Resources, Writing - original draft, Writing - review & editing, Visualization
  5. Center for Energy Systems Research (CESR), Tennessee Technological University, Cookeville,Tennessee,USA
  6. Contribution: Conceptualization, Validation, Formal analysis, Writing - review & editing, Supervision
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.1049/ses2.70027
  中图分类号：
- 纸质出版：2026
- 稿件说明：
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Amirhossein Hosseini, Saeed Hosseinnataj, Ali Arzani. TD3 Deep Reinforcement Learning Control Approach for a DC-DC Multiport Converter Used in Low-Power EV Applications[J]. IET Smart Energy Systems, 2026,2(2).

Amirhossein Hosseini, Saeed Hosseinnataj, Ali Arzani. TD3 Deep Reinforcement Learning Control Approach for a DC-DC Multiport Converter Used in Low-Power EV Applications[J]. IET Smart Energy Systems, 2026, 2(2).
Amirhossein Hosseini, Saeed Hosseinnataj, Ali Arzani. TD3 Deep Reinforcement Learning Control Approach for a DC-DC Multiport Converter Used in Low-Power EV Applications[J]. IET Smart Energy Systems, 2026,2(2). DOI： 10.1049/ses2.70027.

Amirhossein Hosseini, Saeed Hosseinnataj, Ali Arzani. TD3 Deep Reinforcement Learning Control Approach for a DC-DC Multiport Converter Used in Low-Power EV Applications[J]. IET Smart Energy Systems, 2026, 2(2). DOI： 10.1049/ses2.70027.

摘要

Abstract

This paper presents a deep reinforcement learning (DRL)-based control framework for a bidirectional dual-input single-output (BDISO) converter applied to low-power electric vehicles (EVs). The study addresses the dynamic instability introduced by constant power loads (CPLs)

which emulate the negative impedance behaviour of EV motor drives. A twin delayed deep deterministic policy gradient (TD3) algorithm is employed to directly generate control signals

thereby eliminating reliance on explicit converter models and intermediate control layers. The proposed model-free approach enables fast voltage regulation and stable bidirectional power flow between sources and load

particularly under regenerative operating conditions. Simulation results obtained in MATLAB/Simulink demonstrate that the proposed strategy achieves up to 4–7 times faster settling time and 30%–90% lower voltage error compared with conventional proportional-integral (PI) and super-twisting algorithm (STA) controllers. These findings establish DRL-based TD3 control as a scalable

model-free solution for robust and efficient energy management in next-generation EV powertrains.

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