As the proportion of renewable energy in power system continues to increase

the regulation and stability of power system face new challenges. Grid-forming energy storage

as a key means to enhance frequency regulation capability and inertia control

is crucial for its optimized configuration. This paper proposes a method for capacity and site selection optimization of energy storage system

and designs a comprehensive frequency regulation control strategy to achieve efficient operation. Firstly

the dynamic characteristics of energy storage participation in frequency regulation under the background of high-proportion renewable energy are analyzed

and two strategies

active power-frequency droop control and virtual synchronous machine (VSM) control

are proposed. These strategies are synergistically optimized to form a comprehensive frequency regulation method

which improves response speed and frequency suppression ability

thereby enhancing system stability. For optimized configuration

a multi-objective optimization model is constructed

targeting frequency regulation performance

grid vulnerability

and the economic viability of energy storage. The model introduces an adaptive multi-objective evolutionary algorithm (AMEA) and an improved technique for order preference by similarity to an ideal solution (TOPSIS) method

assigning different weights to objectives using the entropy method

resulting in the optimal configuration scheme of energy storage capacity and site selection. Case analysis demonstrates that compared to existing methods

the optimal energy storage configuration scheme reduces the root mean square (RMS) of frequency deviation to 0.038 8

the grid vulnerability index to 0.235

and controls energy storage costs within 160 million yuan. Moreover

the VSM control strategy effectively enhances the inertia response capability of system

significantly reducing the RMS of frequency deviation and further improving system stability.