1.中国水利水电第六工程局有限公司,辽宁 沈阳118015
2.长沙理工大学水利与海洋工程学院,湖南 长沙410114
3.珠江水利委员会珠江水利科学研究院,广东 广州510610
王振明(1986—),男,高级工程师,主要从事引调水工程研究。
蒋义奇(2000—),男,硕士,主要从事隧洞稳定性研究等工作。
收稿:2026-04-28,
修回:2026-06-10,
录用:2026-06-23,
网络首发:2026-07-13,
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王振明,彭贵才,蒋义奇等.基于非线性流固耦合理论的富水隧洞力学响应特征研究[J].人民珠江,DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1001-9235.XXXX.XX.001.
Wang Zhenming,Peng Guicai,Jiang Yiqi,et al.Research on the Mechanical Response Characteristics of Water-Rich Tunnels Based on Nonlinear Fluid-Solid Coupling Theory[J].PEARL RIVER,
王振明,彭贵才,蒋义奇等.基于非线性流固耦合理论的富水隧洞力学响应特征研究[J].人民珠江,DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1001-9235.XXXX.XX.001. DOI:
Wang Zhenming,Peng Guicai,Jiang Yiqi,et al.Research on the Mechanical Response Characteristics of Water-Rich Tunnels Based on Nonlinear Fluid-Solid Coupling Theory[J].PEARL RIVER, DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1001-9235...001.
富水隧洞开挖中围岩力学响应复杂,传统线性流固耦合难以准确模拟隧洞力学响应。文章采用非线性流固耦合理论,以实际工程为例,研究隧洞开挖期、初衬期及运行期围岩渗流场、应力、位移及塑性区的时空演化。结果表明:隧洞开挖期因卸荷排水使得孔压降低,初衬后隧洞孔压回升且底部回升幅度大于顶部;隧洞在进行初衬后底部应力集中,顶部及侧部侧应力趋于稳定;隧洞在内开挖期底部与顶部位移发展迅速,初衬后位移进入稳态状态;开挖完成后,围岩出现局部拉伸破坏塑性区;初衬施工后,由于围岩中的应力重分布,导致塑性区呈现扩大的趋势;应力与渗透系数呈负相关,应力越高的位置,渗透系数越小。研究成果可为同类工程提供参考。
During the excavation of water-rich tunnels
the mechanical response of the surrounding rock is significantly influenced by the coupled effect of groundwater seepage and in-situ stress
exhibiting complex spatiotemporal evolution. Conventional linear fluid-solid coupling models
which rely on Darcy's law and assume a constant permeability coefficient
fail to capture nonlinear seepage behavior under high hydraulic gradients or the dynamic stress-dependent regulation of permeability
thus cannot accurately reflect the actual mechanical response. To address this limitation
this study adopts a nonlinear fluid-solid coupling framework that incorporates non-Darcy effects and stress-dependent permeability
and establishes a stress-non-Darcy seepage coupled numerical model. Using FLAC3D and its built-in FISH language
a secondary development is carried out to enable real-time updating of the permeability coefficient based on the local stress state. Taking an actual water-rich tunnel project as a case study
comprehensive numerical simulations are performed to investigate the spatiotemporal evolution of the seepage field
stress
displacement
and plastic zone in the surrounding rock during the excavation
primary lining
and operation stages
with the results compared against those from linear coupling calculations to reveal the underlying mechanisms. Regarding pore water pressure
excavation induces a rapid drop due to unloading and drainage. After the primary lining
pore pressure gradually recovers under external groundwater recharge and eventually stabilizes at a relatively low level
with the recovery amplitude at the tunnel bottom being significantly greater than that at the top. This spatial discrepancy is attributed to higher self-weight stress and stronger seepage accumulation at the bottom
whereas stress release is more complete at the top. In terms of stress response
the surrounding rock remains under compression throughout the construction process. The first principal stress increases rapidly at first and then tends to stabilize; the third principal stress is larger at the bottom and decreases at the top and sides. After primary lining
stress concentration occurs at the bottom
while stresses at the top and sidewalls reach a stable state
indicating the establishment of a new mechanical equilibrium. A negative correlation is observed between stress and the nonlinear permeability coefficient. Regarding displacement
the bottom and top develop rapidly during excavation
while sidewall displacement remains relatively stable; after primary lining
all displacements gradually enter a steady state. As for plastic zone evolution
the plastic zone mainly exhibits historical tensile yield during the excavation period. During the primary lining phase
it expands to a composite state where historical and current tensile yield coexist
indicating progressive deterioration driven by pore pressure recovery and increased seepage force. In summary
the nonlinear fluid-solid coupling significantly alters seepage paths and pressure distribution through the real-time regulation of permeability by stress and flow velocity. Ignoring this effect may lead to underestimation of local pore-pressure peaks and thus compromise the accuracy of stability assessment. This study elucidates the regulatory mechanism of nonlinear fluid–solid coupling on the mechanical response of water-rich tunnels
providing a theoretical basis for seepage control design
support optimization
and long-term stability evaluation of similar projects.
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