Based on anti-explosion engineering of surrounding rock
with the method of little charge model test and numerical simulation
by changing the location
shape
and combination form of cavities
the attenuation and screening effects of defense layer with cavities on planar and spherical blast waves are studied. The results show that defense layer with cavities can weaken peak pressure of blast waves greatly and protect the underground structure. The attenuation effect of staggered cavities on peak value of blast pressure is better than ordered queue cavities obviously; and the attenuation effect of rectangular cavities on blast pressure is better than circular cavities. The results can provide references for new-type anti-explosion technique of surrounding rock.