The energy evolution characteristics on the whole process of deformation and damage of rock is inspected and analyzed by using the digital speckle correlation method. The specimen surface speckles images are recorded by CCD camera. The deformation evolution process

the displacement evolution of deformation localization region and the surface deformation energy of rock loaded are analyzed. The results show that: for the displacement evolution of deformation band

the displacement evolution is basically linear before the loading peak

the loading peak of rock specimen and the accelerating stage of displacement evolution is corresponding. Displacement evolution of deformation localization band influences the bearing capacity of rock specimens after loading peak. For the surface energy evolution of rock specimen

the energy release and energy accumulation pattern are controlled by the deformation evolution of localization band in the process of loading. The energy evolution reflects the local energy release and overall energy release characteristics.