As the limitation of energy of wireless sensor network node

an ant colony algorithm was introduced

and the minimum hop path from source node to destination node was constructed

not only hops but also the residual energy of nodes were considered in this algorithm

which can economize energy and prolong the network lifetime.In order to prevent local optimization

a reward and punishment mechanism for the pheromone of updating method was used in this algorithm

namely

if the found path was better than ever most cost-effective solution in the search process was better to reward

or punishment.The results show that the algorithm is excellent and superior to the other current typical route algorithms.