
时隔14年之后,斯塔默就任英国新首相,工党重新成为英国的执政党。新政府迅速提出包括2030年净零电力目标和成立英国能源公司等一系列能源法律政策上的改革新举措,以期实现工党提出的“超级清洁能源大国”设想。新的能源改革,既保持了英国工党一贯的绿色新政理念,又延续了前保守党政府在能源机构和制度方面的成功经验。但更为凸显的是,其强化了在清洁能源发展方面的政府主导作用。这些新变化不仅为中英打开了新的能源合作窗口,同时也为谋求更为机制化的能源合作、建立双边合作平台带来了新的制度选择。2005年3月,中英召开了第八次中英能源对话,双方共同签署了《中英清洁能源合作伙伴关系谅解备忘录》,明确将电力市场改革及电网、电池储能、海上风电、碳捕集利用和封存(CCUS)、清洁低碳与可再生氢等作为重点合作领域。为此,未来中英可考虑加强电力市场改革及电网方面的制度互鉴,研究电池储能领域的合作安排,率先开展全球海上风电规则和标准的协同建设,扩大在碳捕集、利用和封存方面的政策合作,以及加快构建中英可再生氢合作的制度安排。
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