1. 华南理工大学电力学院
2. 南方电网科学研究院有限责任公司
网络出版:2020-04-30,
纸质出版:2020
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谢从珍, 王瑞, 曾磊磊, 等. 改性纳米氧化锌添加对室温硫化硅橡胶热性能的影响[J]. 高电压技术, 2020,46(4):1337-1345.
XIE Congzhen, WANG Rui, ZENG Leilei, et al. Effect of Modified Nano ZnO on Thermal Properties of Room Temperature Vulcanized Silicone Rubber[J]. 2020, 46(4): 1337-1345.
室温硫化硅橡胶通常暴露于高温高湿环境
因此亟需研制高耐热室温硫化硅橡胶并了解其热分解机理。采用钛酸酯偶联剂对纳米ZnO进行改性
通过超声以及机械搅拌将不同含量的改性纳米ZnO分散到室温硫化(room temperature vulcanized
RTV)硅橡胶中
并利用X射线衍射(X-ray diffraction
XRD)、傅里叶变换红外光谱学(Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy
FTIR)、扫描电子显微镜(scanning electron microscope
SEM)和TG等测试手段分析材料热性能。测试结果表明
钛酸酯偶联剂成功接枝在纳米ZnO表面
且改性前后纳米粒子的粒径没有改变;SEM结果表明纳米颗粒均匀地分散在RTV基质中;随着纳米Zn O的增多
纳米复合材料的热稳定性先增强后减弱
初始热分解温度在纳米ZnO质量分数添加1%时达到最高值400.3℃。此外
RTV复合材料在热分解的3个阶段中
随着改性纳米ZnO的添加
第1阶段的分解量不断减少
第2阶段与第3阶段的分解量不断增多
说明纳米ZnO的添加对RTV材料的热分解行为有着较大的影响。基于热解动力学方程
当热转换率α较小时
RTV的活化能Eα小于1%ZnO–RTV
这也解释了不同纳米Zn O添加量下3个阶段分解量的变化。RTV和1%ZnO–RTV的Eα平均值分别为144.29和146.78 kJ/mol
动能指数n分别为3.83和4.5
表明RTV经过纳米Zn O改性后
其热分解过程变得更为复杂。该研究结果可为高耐热性RTV硅橡胶的发展提供新思路。
Room temperature vulcanized(RTV) silicone rubber is usually exposed to a high-temperature and high-humidity environment
so it is urgent to develop the high-temperature-resistance RTV silicone rubber and understand its thermal decomposition mechanism. In this study
nano-ZnO was modified with a titanate coupling agent
and different amounts of nano-ZnO were dispersed into room temperature vulcanized(RTV) silicone rubber by ultrasonication and mechanical stirring
also
Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR)
X-ray diffraction(XRD)
scanning electron microscope(SEM) and TG test methods were used to analyze the structure and properties of materials. The results show that the titanate coupling agent is successfully grafted on the surface of nano ZnO. The XRD test of nano ZnO shows that the modification of titanate coupling agent has no effect on the particle size of the nanoparticles. The TG test shows that
with the increase of nano ZnO content
the thermal stability of RTV composites increases continuously
the initial thermal decomposition temperature increases from 344.6 ℃ to 420 ℃
and reaches the highest value when 1.5% ZnO is added. In addition
in the three stages of thermal decomposition of RTV composites
with the addition of nano ZnO
the amount of decomposition in the first stage is continuously reduced
and the amount of decomposition in the second stage and the third stage is increasing. Therefore
it is shown that the addition of nano ZnO has a great influence on the thermal decomposition behavior of RTV materials. The thermal decomposition kinetics analysis of RTV and 1% ZnO–RTV shows that when the thermal conversion rate(α) is small
the activation energy(Eα) of RTV is less than that of 1% ZnO–RTV
which also explains the variation of decomposition amount of the three stages when different amounts of nano zinc oxide are added. The Eα values of RTV and 1% ZnO–RTV are 144.29 and 146.78 kJ/mol
respectively
the kinetic energy index(n) of RTV is 3.83
and the kinetic energy index(n) of 1%ZnO–RTV is 4.5
indicating that RTV passes through nano zinc oxide. After modification
the thermal decomposition process becomes more complicated. The results of this study can provide new ideas for the development of high heat resistance RTV silicone rubber.
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