Abstract: Ultra-high voltage (UHV) transformers are critical equipment of power systems. Arc faults in transformer oil induce rapid oil decomposition, generating gaseous byproducts that create sudden pressure surges within the tank, potentially leading to destructive explosions with significant consequences. This study reviews existing research on pressure characteristics and simulation techniques related to arc faults in transformer oil. It explores pressure characteristics from three perspectives: pressure waveforms influencing factors, pressure transmission affecting factors, and the impact of dynamic boundaries. Pressure simulation techniques are analyzed in three stages: shock waves, bubble pulsation pressure, and static pressure. Finally, the gas-liquid-solid coupled simulation method for full-process pressure analysis is proposed. This method accounts for gas generation by the arc, pressure effects from gas movement, and interactions with the transformer's dynamic boundaries. A corresponding tripartite coupling algorithm is established. This study provides a reference for guiding pressure simulation analysis and improving explosion-proof design in transformers.