Abstract: Focusing on the carbon neutrality target in China, this paper analyses the main development tendency of coal power and the indispensable role of coal power in supporting the new-type power systems. The technical systems of next-generation ultra-supercritical coal power are put forward and some research practices are introduced briefly, based on a series of cutting-edge technologies, such as domestic HT700-series super-alloys, high-parameter and flexible coal power, cold oxidation adsorption process for flue gas pollutants near-zero emission control (COAP & COAP+), carbon capture, utilization and storage (CCUS), digitization & intelligence, and coal power coupled with multi-solid wastes power generation. Ultra-high-parameter coal power units of 650℃ and above will be developed to ensure a low coal/energy consumption, high operation stability and flexibility, so as to support the realization of the carbon peaking and neutrality goals in China.