岳乔治, 彭晗, 童乔凌, 康勇. 栅极驱动电路的传导共模电磁干扰特征分析[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2025, 45(7): 2779-2790. DOI: 10.13334/j.0258-8013.pcsee.240191
引用本文: 岳乔治, 彭晗, 童乔凌, 康勇. 栅极驱动电路的传导共模电磁干扰特征分析[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2025, 45(7): 2779-2790. DOI: 10.13334/j.0258-8013.pcsee.240191
YUE Qiaozhi, PENG Han, TONG Qiaoling, KANG Yong. Characterization of Conducted Common-mode EMI in Gate Driver[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2025, 45(7): 2779-2790. DOI: 10.13334/j.0258-8013.pcsee.240191
Citation: YUE Qiaozhi, PENG Han, TONG Qiaoling, KANG Yong. Characterization of Conducted Common-mode EMI in Gate Driver[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2025, 45(7): 2779-2790. DOI: 10.13334/j.0258-8013.pcsee.240191

栅极驱动电路的传导共模电磁干扰特征分析

Characterization of Conducted Common-mode EMI in Gate Driver

  • 摘要: 栅极驱动电路作为低压控制电路与高压功率电路连接的桥梁,决定了电力电子器件的可靠开关,同时也承受着强烈的电磁干扰。目前针对栅极驱动电路的传导电磁干扰问题的研究重点关注以“串扰”为代表的差模干扰,对共模干扰缺乏深入的分析。共模干扰传播路径多,频率范围广,影响范围大,是驱动电路中驱动信号的主要干扰源。为此,文中对驱动电路的传导共模干扰特征进行分析,重点关注功率器件开关电压过冲与高频振荡特性,采用梯形波与衰减正弦波建立干扰源模型;根据主电路架构与驱动架构,逐层深入建立共模干扰的多支路耦合网络模型并分析其宽频阻抗特性;选取共模干扰电流以及驱动信号干扰电压为表征对象,求解其传递函数并结合干扰源特征分析驱动电路故障机理。实验结果表明,干扰源电压的高频振荡将产生严重的共模干扰。当其振荡频率与耦合路径阻抗谐振频率相同时,共模干扰将被放大,在驱动电路电磁兼容设计时需要格外注意。最后根据所建立的电磁干扰模型对栅极驱动电路的抗干扰设计提供一定指导。

     

    Abstract: The gate driver, serving as the bridge connecting low-voltage control circuit and high-voltage power circuit, ensures the reliable switching of power electronic devices, but it also suffers from intense electromagnetic interference (EMI). Existing researches on conducted EMI in gate drivers focus on differential-mode (DM) interference represented by "crosstalk", while lacking in in-depth analysis of common-mode (CM) interference. CM interference is the major interference source for gate drivers because of its numerous propagation paths, wide frequency range and extensive influence. To address the limitations of existing researches, this paper concentrates on the high-frequency (HF) characteristics and analyzes the CM interference characteristics of gate drivers. Focusing on switching voltage overshoot and HF oscillations, trapezoidal waveform with attenuated sinusoidal waveform is used to model the interference source. Based on the converter and gate driver architecture, the multi-branch coupling network of CM interference is built layer by layer and its wide-band impedance characteristics are analyzed. The CM current and the drive signal interference voltage are selected as the targets, whose transfer functions are solved and the failure mechanisms are analyzed in conjunction with the source characteristics. Experimental results show that the HF oscillation of the source will generate serious interference. When the oscillation frequency of the source is the same as the resonance frequency of the coupling network, the CM interference will be enlarged. Extra attention needs to be paid in the gate driver design. This paper concludes with a guide to the anti-jamming design of gate drivers at the theoretical level based on the EMI model developed.

     

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