Abstract: The surface-inset permanent magnet linear synchronous motor (SIPMLSM) employs full-tooth-end non-overlapping primary windings and a surface-inset PM secondary structure, which enhances q-axis inductance (L_q) and saliency ratio (L_q/L_d) through its non-uniform airgap design, thereby improving magneto-resistive thrust and thrust density. This study first establishes separate finite element (FE) models for end force and cogging force analysis in a 12s16p SIPMLSM configuration. Subsequently, the sensitivity of primary tooth tips and end auxiliary teeth on cogging force and end force is systematically investigated to determine optimal design variables and their variation ranges. Using thrust ripple and thrust density as multi-objective optimization criteria and employing a genetic algorithm, an optimized asymmetric teeth configuration is developed through global optimization. Experimental validation is performed on a prototype, measuring no-load back EMF waveforms, detent force, thrust ripple characteristics, and temperature under locked-mover conditions. The close correlation between experimental measurements and finite element analysis results confirms the effectiveness of the proposed design methodology.