辛焕海, 王宇轩, 刘晨曦, 鞠平, 马骏超, 但扬清, 黄林彬. 提高新能源场站稳定性的构网型与跟网型变流器容量配比估算[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2024, 44(14): 5463-5472. DOI: 10.13334/j.0258-8013.pcsee.231819
引用本文: 辛焕海, 王宇轩, 刘晨曦, 鞠平, 马骏超, 但扬清, 黄林彬. 提高新能源场站稳定性的构网型与跟网型变流器容量配比估算[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2024, 44(14): 5463-5472. DOI: 10.13334/j.0258-8013.pcsee.231819
XIN Huanhai, WANG Yuxuan, LIU Chenxi, JU Ping, MA Junchao, DAN Yangqing, HUANG Linbin. Estimation of Capacity Ratios Between Grid-forming and Grid-following Converters for Improving the Stability of Renewable Energy Stations[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2024, 44(14): 5463-5472. DOI: 10.13334/j.0258-8013.pcsee.231819
Citation: XIN Huanhai, WANG Yuxuan, LIU Chenxi, JU Ping, MA Junchao, DAN Yangqing, HUANG Linbin. Estimation of Capacity Ratios Between Grid-forming and Grid-following Converters for Improving the Stability of Renewable Energy Stations[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2024, 44(14): 5463-5472. DOI: 10.13334/j.0258-8013.pcsee.231819

提高新能源场站稳定性的构网型与跟网型变流器容量配比估算

Estimation of Capacity Ratios Between Grid-forming and Grid-following Converters for Improving the Stability of Renewable Energy Stations

  • 摘要: 大规模新能源接入使得电网短路比降低,系统电压支撑强度下降,导致静态电压稳定和次/超同步振荡等稳定问题凸显。构网型变流器具有较强的电压支撑能力,在新能源场站配置一定比例的构网型变流器可以提升系统稳定性,但由于构网型变流器容量与稳定裕度的解析关系不明,导致构网型变流器容量合理占比的理论值估算十分困难。该文针对新能源基地接入低短路比弱电网场景,从小干扰稳定视角探讨构网型与跟网型变流器容量配比的估算方法及其典型值。首先,对构网型变流器进行电压源等值,并通过广义短路比指标分析了构网型变流器配置比例对系统强度以及稳定裕度的影响规律;其次,针对改造构网型风电机组和额外加装构网型变流器两种技术方案,以行业相关标准为边界条件并结合典型升压变压器参数,估算了实际工程中容量配比的典型值;最后,利用多风电场系统案例验证了结论的有效性。

     

    Abstract: The large-scale integration of renewable energy into the power grid leads to the decrease of system voltage support strength, which is usually characterized by its short circuit ratio (SCR). This results in stability issues such as static voltage stability problems and sub/super synchronous oscillation. Grid-forming (GFM) converters have effective voltage support capability, and thus equipping renewable energy stations with a certain proportion of GFM converters can improve the stability of the system. However, the analytical relationship between the capacity of GFM converters and the stability margin is unclear, which makes it difficult to estimate the required proportions of GFM converters theoretically. To fill this gap, this paper discusses the estimation method for the required capacity ratios between GFM converters and grid-following (GFL) converters to maintain small signal stability. First, based on the voltage-source equivalent analysis of GFM converters, the influence of the capacity ratios on the system strength and stability margin is analyzed through the generalized short circuit ratio (gSCR) index. Then, considering the practical engineering scenario of updating some wind turbines to GFM control or installing new GFM converters, the typical values of the capacity ratios are discussed based on typical parameters of step-up transformers and the related industry standards as boundary conditions. The validity of the conclusion is verified by simulation results of a typical multi-wind-farm system.

     

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