汪建文, 赵爽, 白叶飞, 张立茹, 马剑龙, 张建伟, 闫思佳. 切变和变风向入流对偏航风力机气动特性的影响研究[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2025, 45(8): 3079-3091. DOI: 10.13334/j.0258-8013.pcsee.231423
引用本文: 汪建文, 赵爽, 白叶飞, 张立茹, 马剑龙, 张建伟, 闫思佳. 切变和变风向入流对偏航风力机气动特性的影响研究[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2025, 45(8): 3079-3091. DOI: 10.13334/j.0258-8013.pcsee.231423
WANG Jianwen, ZHAO Shuang, BAI Yefei, ZHANG Liru, MA Jianlong, ZHANG Jianwei, YAN Sijia. Study on the Influence of Wind Shear and Wind Direction Variation Inflow on Aerodynamic Characteristics of Yawed Wind Turbines[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2025, 45(8): 3079-3091. DOI: 10.13334/j.0258-8013.pcsee.231423
Citation: WANG Jianwen, ZHAO Shuang, BAI Yefei, ZHANG Liru, MA Jianlong, ZHANG Jianwei, YAN Sijia. Study on the Influence of Wind Shear and Wind Direction Variation Inflow on Aerodynamic Characteristics of Yawed Wind Turbines[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2025, 45(8): 3079-3091. DOI: 10.13334/j.0258-8013.pcsee.231423

切变和变风向入流对偏航风力机气动特性的影响研究

Study on the Influence of Wind Shear and Wind Direction Variation Inflow on Aerodynamic Characteristics of Yawed Wind Turbines

  • 摘要: 自然风况与偏航工况结合使风力机气动特性变得十分复杂,进而影响风力机输出稳定性及结构安全。该文选择切变和变风向两种入流工况,利用双重嵌套滑移网格方法建立风力机整机动态入流计算流体力学(computational fluid dynamics,CFD)仿真计算模型,分析偏航风力机的气动特性。研究表明,风切变几乎不改变风力机扭矩和轴向推力的均值,但使相对波幅增加,偏航工况下增加更多。基于实测风轮转速进行匀速变风向计算,风向变化结束/转速稳定时的扭矩均值比静态偏航时更大/更小,相对波幅正好相反。偏航使轴向高/低载荷区呈“C”形,切向高/低载荷区呈扇形/豌豆形,切变入流趋使高/低载荷区向风轮上/下半平面移动。变风向入流时叶根区域载荷均值和波动频率更大,其他区域的均值虽然较少,但波幅更高。结果可为运行在自然风况下的风力机的疲劳设计提供理论参考。

     

    Abstract: The wind shear and variable wind direction are selected, and a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model for dynamic inflow of the entire wind turbine is established using the double-nested sliding grid method. The variation characteristics of the yawed wind turbine are analyzed. The results show that shear inflow has little effect on the mean torque and axial thrust but increases their relative amplitude, which is further amplified under yaw conditions. Using measured rotor speed data, uniform variable wind direction simulations are performed. Compared to static yaw at the same angle, the mean torque ratio is higher at the end of wind direction variation but lower once speed stabilizes, while the relative amplitude exhibits the opposite trend. Yaw causes the axial high/low load zone to form a 'C' shape, whereas the tangential load distribution resembles a fan or pea shape. Shear inflow shifts the high/low load regions toward the upper/lower half-plane of the rotor. Compared to dynamic yaw at constant rotor speed, variable-speed dynamic yaw yields higher mean loads and fluctuation frequencies in the blade root region, while other regions show lower mean values but greater amplitudes. These findings provide theoretical insights for fatigue design of wind turbines operating in natural wind conditions.

     

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