Abstract: Electrical materials, as the basis of electrical equipment, determine the limit operation parameters. Development of advanced electrical materials with new functions and excellent performance can help equipment challenge higher parameter limits. Guided by the discipline development strategy and inspired by the major scientific problems, this paper reviews the research progress of electric field-assisted preparation of advanced electrical materials from three aspects: physical mechanism of electric field-assisted manufacturing, and modulation mechanism of several kinds of insulating materials. First, the physical theory of electric field-assisted fabrication of electrical materials is summarized, mechanical effects such as electrophoresis, dielectrophoresis, and self-assembly and energy effects such as Joule heat and relaxation loss are elaborated. Then, the mechanical effect is used to explore the current application and enhancement mechanism of electric field assisted in the modification of advanced polymeric composites represented by smart insulating materials, thermally conductive insulating materials, high energy storage density materials, dielectric functional gradient materials and fiber reinforced materials. Next, the current application and mechanism of electric field-assisted thermoplastic (solid) polymer melting (curing) and fast sintering of functional ceramics are discussed based on energy effect. Finally, the research trends of electric field assisted preparation of advanced electrical materials are prospected. This work can provide theoretical reference for innovating the processing of electrical materials and developing new research directions in traditional high voltage disciplines.