Abstract: There are significant differences in the generation performance of machines with different winding configurations. The appropriate winding configurations are critical for the application of doubly salient electro-magnetic machine (DSEM) in aircraft DC electrical power systems. In this paper, the comparative study of generation performance between single-layer winding DSEM (DSEM-SL) and double-layer winding DSEM (DSEM-DL) is carried out in the linear and saturation regions. First, the winding structure and magnetic circuit characteristics of DSEM are presented. On this basis, the equivalent magnetic circuit model is established to analyze the effect of winding structure on the leakage flux, explaining the reason for the difference in saturation characteristics of DSEM with different winding structures. The output performance of DSEM-SL and DSEM-DL in the linear and saturation regions is compared in detail. The results show that DSEM-SL has higher excitation efficiency and stronger output capacity when the current density is less than 15A/mm², while DSEM-DL has better overload capacity, offering greater potential for the application in aircraft electrical power system. The prototype is designed and manufactured and the analysis of generation performance is validated by experiments.