Abstract: Metal fuel aluminum has the advantages of high energy density, carbon-free, and low pollution. It reacts with water to produce hydrogen, and its combustion products are easy to recycle and regenerate. It is an excellent carrier for energy storage and hydrogen storage. The research on energy conversion technology based on aluminum fuel storage is of great significance for energy transformation and carbon neutrality in China. This work focused on the engineering application of aluminum fuel energy storage systems, the current research and application status of aluminum fuel energy storage at home and abroad were analyzed and summarized from three aspects: energy storage and power generation system based on aluminum fuel, aluminum combustion, and aluminum regeneration. In conclusion, regarding the technical and economic problems existing in the practical industrial application of aluminum fuel energy storage systems, the key research directions of aluminum fuel energy storage technology in the future were pointed out.