Abstract: This paper discussed the practical application of SF₆ in various electrical equipment and introduced the development process as well as the important position of SF₆ in the power industry. The research status of eco-friendly gas insulating mediums at home and abroad was analyzed from multiple angles through extensive literature research. Taking C₅F₁₀O as an example, which has great potential in engineering application, the dissociation energy, Gibbs free energy, the reaction rate constant, and equilibrium constant of the main decomposition and recovery reactions were compared with SF₆. It can be seen that although C₅F₁₀O has superior insulation performance and environmental protection characteristics, the arc extinguishing ability, self-recovery performance is inferior to SF₆ due to the asymmetry of molecular structure, which is suitable for applications in low- and medium-voltage switchgear in geographic environments such as temperature, tropical and low altitude, and equipment such as GIL, GIS and GIT with lower voltage levels. C₅F₁₀O and other eco-friendly gases are unable to completely replace SF₆ used in switch appliances at present. On this basis, the engineering problems and future development directions faced in the eco-friendly gas insulating medium were analyzed, and suggestions for future research were given.