Abstract: The isolation of the DC faults is the key technology for guaranteeing the supply reliability in the DC distribution system. This paper analyzed the transient characteristics of DC faults, and subdivided the transient process into three stages: the DC capacitor discharge stage, the diodes natural commutation conduct stage and the diodes synchronously conduct stage. The paper pointed out that the DC faults will affect the AC side, the converter and the DC side. According to the DC faults transient process, this paper analyzed the requirements and technology difficulties of the protection strategy and DC circuit breakers for the DC distribution system. Then this paper proposed a fault current limiting technique based on the resistive-type superconducting fault current limiter（R-SFCL） which can limit the overcurrent of the DC side, AC side and the anti-parallel diodes when the DC fault happens. Therefore, it can decrease the requirements of the action time and design difficulties for the protection strategy, and decrease the requirement of action speed and interrupting capacity for the DC circuit breaker. Finally, this paper carried out lots of simulation tests to verify the effectiveness of the theoretical analysis and proposed fault current limiting technique based on the Matlab/Simulink.