葛晓琳, 何鈜博, 符杨, 李岩, 夏澍. 融合分层规划和A*算法的共享电动汽车换车与充电路径规划[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2021, 41(22): 7668-7680. DOI: 10.13334/j.0258-8013.pcsee.201409
引用本文: 葛晓琳, 何鈜博, 符杨, 李岩, 夏澍. 融合分层规划和A*算法的共享电动汽车换车与充电路径规划[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2021, 41(22): 7668-7680. DOI: 10.13334/j.0258-8013.pcsee.201409
GE Xiaolin, HE Hongbo, FU Yang, LI Yan, XIA Shu. Interchange and Charging Path Planning of Shared Electric Vehicles Based on A* Algorithm Combined With Hierarchical Programming[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2021, 41(22): 7668-7680. DOI: 10.13334/j.0258-8013.pcsee.201409
Citation: GE Xiaolin, HE Hongbo, FU Yang, LI Yan, XIA Shu. Interchange and Charging Path Planning of Shared Electric Vehicles Based on A* Algorithm Combined With Hierarchical Programming[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2021, 41(22): 7668-7680. DOI: 10.13334/j.0258-8013.pcsee.201409

融合分层规划和A*算法的共享电动汽车换车与充电路径规划

Interchange and Charging Path Planning of Shared Electric Vehicles Based on A* Algorithm Combined With Hierarchical Programming

  • 摘要: 电池续航能力不足以及充电设施的地域限制给共享电动汽车的路径规划带来了挑战。为此,在准确评估续航里程的基础上,提出共享电动汽车换车与充电路径规划方法。首先,结合当前的租车收费方式,计及共享电动汽车的充电特性,构建综合费用最小和时间最短的目标函数。然后,依据道路的连通性和路径寻优搜索方向的有效性,建立路径选择约束,接着虑及交通流量、道路坡度以及空调能耗等因素,对电动汽车电池的续航能力进行准确评估,进而形成满足共享电动汽车出行需求的换车与充电路径规划模型。针对所建模型的高维复杂性,运用分层规划与A*算法结合的方法,实现求解问题的降维。此外,针对电池电量不足的情况,灵活利用换车和充电方案,确定共享电动汽车的最优行驶路径。最后,在某市不同区域的实际交通路网进行仿真分析,验证所提模型和方法的有效性和正确性。

     

    Abstract: As shared electric vehicles (EVs) have been developed in recent years, the efficiency of vehicles, utilization is increased, thus the number of private cars is reduced and the traffic congestion is improved. However, due to the low battery energy density, the driving range of shared electric vehicles is generally lower than that of traditional vehicles. At the same time, there are regional differences in charging facilities. Thus, the existing methods cannot be directly applied to the path planning of shared electric vehicles. For this reason, based on the accurate evaluation of mileages, a method of EVs, midway change and charging paths planning was proposed. First, considering the charging characteristics of shared EVs and combined with the current rental charging schemes, the objective functions of minimum cost and shortest time were constructed respectively. On the basis of the constraints of path selection and considering factors such as traffic flow, environmental temperature and energy consumption of air conditioning, the mileage constraint of EVs was established, thus forming a path planning model to meet different travel demands of shared EVs. Second, in order to reduce the complexity of path search, A* algorithm combined with hierarchical programming was proposed. Then, in view of the low battery, the optimal driving paths under different targets were solved by comprehensively using the midway change and charging methods. The validity and correctness of the proposed model and method were verified by simulation analysis of the actual traffic network in different regions of a city.

     

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