大功率机车牵引四象限变流器解耦控制方案
A Decoupling Control Scheme of High Power Four-quadrant Converters for Traction
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摘要: 在机车牵引等兆瓦级大功率四象限变流器(four-quadrant converter,4QC)应用场合,功率器件的开关频率低至数百赫兹,直接电流控制的优势难以发挥,通常采用间接电流控制。传统的间接电流控制又难以对变流器网侧的有功功率和无功功率进行独立控制。针对这类情况,在静止直角坐标系建模,采用功率解耦的电流控制方法,实现了单相四象限变流器有功功率与无功功率的独立解耦控制;通过引入有功电流和无功电流的有效值闭环控制,使得电流的稳态精度提高,降低了系统对输入电感参数和电网电压幅值的敏感度;采用两重化载波移相调制,使得网侧电流的谐波成分大为减少;分析了变流器两重化并联运行时环流的产生机理,并进行了有功和无功的均流控制。基于上述控制方案,实现了大功率机车牵引四象限变流器控制系统,实验证明了该控制方案的有效性。Abstract: In high power four-quadrant converter(4QC) applications such as traction driven systems,the switching frequency is limited to several hundreds hertz.Therefore,the traditional direct current control method fails to acquire ideal performance.Based on static orthogonal coordinate system,this paper uses a current decoupling control scheme on single-phase 4QC,which realizes the individual control of active power as well as reactive power.It enhances system robustness by the closed loop control of active and reactive current root mean square(RMS) values.Carrier phase-shifting control for parallel converters is applied;hence line current harmonic components are greatly reduced.Especially,active and reactive current-equalizing control loops are designed to eliminate the circular current within parallel rectifiers.The control strategies above are successfully applied in a high power railway traction driven system;experiment results prove the validity of the propsed control strategies.