水平管内气液两相泡状流的多尺度分形分析
Multi-scale Fractal Characteristic Analysis of Gas-Liquid Two-phase Bubbly Flow in Horizontal Pipe
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摘要: 为了探讨气液两相流泡状流的非线性、非均匀性和混沌特性机制,利用高速数据采集系统对水平管内气液两相流的压差波动信号进行测量。结合小波模极大值理论,对采集的压差波动信号用db2小波在1~9尺度下进行分解,再分别对分解的信号进行Hurst分析。通过对压差波动信号不同尺度下的细节信号和概貌信号研究,发现在不同尺度下表现出不同的分形结构,1、2尺度的细节信号只有一个明显的Hurst指数,且小于0.5,反映了微尺度的气泡与气泡之间的相互作用;3~7尺度的细节信号具有2个Hurst指数,分别小于0.5和大于0.5,表现为多分形特征,反映了介尺度的液体和气泡之间的相互作用;8、9尺度的细节信号也只有一个Hurst指数,且大于0.5,主要体现了宏尺度的整个气液两相系统与管壁之间的相互作用。各尺度的能量分布表明,压差波动信号主要体现了微尺度的气泡与气泡之间的相互作用。Abstract: In order to understand the intrinsic mechanism,non-linearity and chaotic behavior of gas-liquid two-phase bubbly flow in horizontal pipe,the pressure fluctuation signals with different flow rates were collected with a high speed collector.The pressure fluctuation signals with different flow rates denoised by using the wavelet transform modulus maxima method were firstly decomposed to 1-7 scale detail signals and scale approximation and then evaluated by using Hurst analysis method based on Daubechies second order wavelet.By analyzing the profiles of different scale signals of the pressure fluctuation signals,different fractal structures at different scales were found.The results show that 1-2 scale detail signals have only one Hurst exponent,and less than 0.5,reflecting the micro-scale interaction between bubbles and bubbles;3-7 scale detail signals have two Hurst exponents,one smaller than 0.5 and one larger than 0.5,reflecting the micro-scale interaction of the liquid phase and bubbles,respectively;8-9 scale detail signals and 9 scale approximation signal have only Hurst exponent which larger than 0.5,reflecting the macro-scale interaction of the gas-liquid two-phase flow system and the interaction between the wall.The energy profiles of different scale signals indicate that pressure fluctuation signals mainly reflect the micro-scale interaction between bubbles and bubbles.