Abstract: Streamer discharge is a complex nonlinear dynamic process, which will be affected by many factors. However, at present, there are few studies on the mechanism of discharge micro-process affected by temperature. Therefore, in this paper, the simulation of the needle-plate air gap at atmospheric pressure was studied by using the fluid model simulation of the streamer discharge, and the key parameter system controlled by temperature in the streamer discharge fluid model and its calculation method were proposed. Comparing theoretical calculation and experimental results, the rationality of this simulation method was verified. The simulation study of the streamer discharge at different temperatures under atmospheric pressure shows that the increase in temperature leads to the acceleration of the movement of charged particles, which significantly increases the development rate of the streamer and the discharge current and current change rate. The increase in temperature has little effect on the ionization process, and will cause the electron concentration and electric field strength of the streamer head to decrease. The temperature control parameter system proposed in this paper comprehensively considers the influence of temperature on the process of ionization, adhesion and drift, and obtains the mechanism of temperature influencing the microscopic process of streamer discharge.