基于同步机三阶模型的电池储能电站主动支撑控制及其一次调频贡献力分析
Third-Order Synchronous Machine Model Based Active Support Control of Battery Storage Power Plant and Its Contribution Analysis for Primary Frequency Response
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摘要: 为提高储能变流器并网稳定性及储能电站参与电网频率调控的可控性,该文提出一种基于同步机三阶模型的电池储能电站的主动支撑控制策略,该策略能将储能变流器等效成具有励磁系统和调速系统的近似同步电压源,为低惯量、弱阻尼的新能源电力系统提供必要的惯量特性与阻尼特性。通过对储能电站调差系数的设计整定,刻画了储能电站适应于电网不同调频深度需求的正向静态频率特性,分析了不同控制参数下储能电站参与电网频率调控的惯量反应及一次调频特性。同时将新能源电力系统中储能电站调频出力实际值与传统机组调频出力实际值比值定义为储能电站参与电网频率调整的贡献因子,用以表征储能电站辅助传统机组参与电网一次调频中减小稳态频率偏差量的贡献力。该策略通过对储能电站灵活性的合理配置,能够为高比例新能源发电并网营造一个稳定友好型的频率环境。Abstract: In order to improve the grid-connected stability of the energy storage converter and the controllability of the energy storage power station participating in the frequency regulation of the power grid. This paper proposed a third-order synchronous machine model based active support control strategy for battery storage power plant. This control strategy can make the energy convertor equal to a quasi-synchronous voltage source with the excitation system and speed control system, which provides the necessary inertia and damping characteristics for low-inertia, weakly damped renewable power systems. Through designing the difference coefficient of the energy storage power plant, the forward static frequency characteristics adapting to different frequency regulation depth requirements of power system were described. The inertia reaction and primary frequency response characteristic of the energy storage power plant with different control parameters was analyzed. At the same time, the ratio of the frequency adjustment output of the energy storage power plant to the traditional units was defined as the contribution factor of the energy storage power plant participating in the grid frequency adjustment, which was used to characterize the contribution of the steady-state frequency deviation of the energy storage power plant. Through the reasonable and flexible allocation of storage plants, a stable and friendly frequency environment can be built for the high-penetration renewable power system.