光伏系统快速功率控制和应用(英文)
System Level PV Fast Power Control Technology and Application
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摘要: 随着新能源(renewable energy sources,RES)在一些电网占比超过20%,电网运行遇到一系列困难与挑战,迫切需要挖掘新能源发电,尤其是以绝缘栅双极晶体管(insulated gate bipolar transistor,IGBT)逆变器接入电网的光伏发电系统自身的调节潜力,使之具备快速功率调控响应能力,支持系统一次调频/调压等服务。在此背景下,该文提出一种针对新能源尤其是光伏发电的系统级快速功率调控方案,其目标是实现新能源尤其是光伏电站达到全网系统级百毫秒内的快速升/降功率响应速度。该文提出已有电网安全稳定控制系统的升级改造方案,针对光伏电站能够以调代切,并实现光伏电站发电功率的双向快速连续调节;设计站级专用的新能源快速功率控制装置;提出逆变器跨越式最大功率点跟踪(maximum power point tracking,MPPT)算法等技术,并设计满足逆变器快速响应要求的一体化逆变器功率控制平台。该方案已在中国西藏电网得到应用,经现场实际测试结果:光伏站内功率控制响应时间在30ms以内,全系统功率控制响应时间在60ms以内,达到小于100ms的设计目标。试验和运行结果验证了该技术的有效性和先进性。Abstract: As new energy source accounts for more than 20% in some power grids, grid operation faces many new difficulties and challenges. There is an urgent need that these new energy source, especially the photovoltaic power generation system with insulated gate bipolar transistor(IGBT)-based inverters, supports the fast power control and primary frequency/voltage regulations. For this reason, a system 100 ms-level fast power regulation scheme for new energy sources was proposed. This paper put forward an upgrading scheme for the existing stability control system, in order to realize the two-way rapid adjustment of the power generation, rather than tripping the whole plant. Meanwhile, a fast power control device was designed, supported by the leaping maximum power point tracking(MPPT) algorithm and integrated inverter power platform. The scheme has been applied in China’s Tibet Power Grid. The actual test results on site indicated that the power control response time inside the station is within 30 ms, and the power control response time of the entire network in Tibet is within 60 ms, satisfying the design goal of less than 100 ms. The test and operation results of the Tibet Power Grid verify the effectiveness and advancement of the technology.