Abstract: The permanent magnet linear synchronous motors（PMLSM） combines with both the characteristics of permanent magnet motors and linear motors, which have significant advantages, such as high thrust force density, high acceleration, high speed, high precision, high efficiency and so on. They are widely applied in high-precision CNC machines,lithography machines, whole-set equipment for manufacturing3 C products, high-speed logistics equipments, ropeless elevators, etc. Firstly, the operating principle and force characteristics of PMLSM are described. Secondly, the structure types regarding primary iron core, shape, primary winding and magnetic pole are analyzed. Thirdly, the effective methods of motor structure designing are analyzed from two aspects of thrust ripple suppression and high force density.Fourthly, the system structure of PMLSM motion platform and the influence of accessories on performance are introduced.Finally, the application hotspots of PMLSM are summarized,and then the development trends and corresponding research emphasis are prospected from these applications.